Phytocompound Profile, Antioxidant Property and Proximate Content of Morinda lucida Leaf Extract
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2026-1016-5743Keywords:
Morinda lucida, Antioxidant, Phytochemical, Proximate, NutritionalAbstract
Morinda lucida is a flowering plant called brimstone tree in English. Different parts of the plant are extensively used in treating different kind of ailments. The study was aimed at profiling phytocompounds, antioxidant property and proximate content of M. lucida leaf extracts. The plant was sourced, identified and extracted using maceration method with aqueous and ethanol as solvent. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of extracts was determined using standard protocol. Antioxidant property was determined using DPPH method. Proximate content was also evaluated using the method described by AOAC. M. lucida leaf physical property revealed dark greenish colour, glittering/shiny texture with 13.4 and 12.06%. Qualitative analysis results revealed the presence of saponins, terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, coumarins, phlobatannins, flavones, chalcones and alkaloids while vitamin A, cardiac glycoside, anthraquinones and amino acid were absent in both extract. The quantitative analysis for both solvent reflects Phenols had the highest concentration 7.24 ± 1.32-6.73 ± 1.25, followed by Flavonoids 3.14 ± 1.20-3.22 ± 1.05. Tannins 2.68 ± 0.94, Saponins 2.56 ± 1.14 (aqueous), Saponins 2.03 ± 1.14, Terpenoids 2.02 ± 1.04 (ethanol) respectively. Antioxidant activity revealed lC50 values of 38.74µg/ml. This value indicates strong antioxidant activity. Additionally, the proximate content showed high percentage of carbohydrates 44.32%, followed by protein 17.80%, fat 16.1%, crude fiber 11.46%, ash content 9.87% and moisture content 8.75% respectively. The results obtained from this study demonstrated that M. lucida possess important bioactive compounds, antioxidant property and nutritional values; which probably be utilized nutraceutically and pharmacologically by industries and the general public.
References
Achukwu, N. O., Ebede, S. O., & Emenuga, V. N. (2023). Time Kill Assay Evaluation of Piper guineense Leaf and Seed Extracts against Enteric Pathogen. Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research; 7 (12): 5684-5689. doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v7i12.47
Achukwu, N. O., Enweani-Nwokelo, I. B., & Urama, E. U. (2024). In vitro evaluation of Morinda lucida root extracts against multi-drug resistant bacterial pathogens isolated from diabetic foot ulcers. Africa Journal of Clinical Experimental Microbiology; 25 (4): 438 – 445
Adesokan, A. A., Yakubu, M. T., & Owoyele, B. V. (2020). Morinda lucida: A review on its Phytochemistry, Pharmacology and Traditional uses. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 260, 113053
Adetuyi, B.O., Olopade, J.O., Rotimi, D., Oyewole, O. I., & Akinduro, o. o., (2022). Antibiotics resistance: A global threat to public health and ways of combating it. Bulletin of the National Research Centre. 46: 168. Dio:10.1186/s42269-00843-1
Ajenu, C. O., Ukhun, M. E., Imoisi, C., Imhontu, E. E., Irede, L. E. & Orji, U. R. (2021) Characterization & stability studies of egusi melon seed oil (Citrullus colocynthis L.). Journal Chemical Society of Nigeria 46 (2), 238-244.
Akinmoladun, O. F., Olayanju, S, T., & Adefegha, S. A. (2020). Proximate composition, phytochemical constituents and antioxidant potential of Morinda lucida leaf extracts. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, 26 (4),621-628
Ali, S., Khan, M.R., Sajid, M. & Zahra, Z. (2018). Phytochemical investigation and antimicrobial appraisal of Parrotiopsis jacquemontiana (Decne) Rehder. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 18, 43.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-018-2114-z
AlSheikh, H.M.A., Sultan, I., Kumar, V., Rather, A.I. & Al-Sheikh., H., Jan, A.T. (2020). Plant-based phytochemicals as possible alternative to antibiotics in combating bacterial drug resistance. Antibiotics; 9:480.
AOAC (2012). Methods of chemical analysis (19th Edition), Association of official analytical chemists, Washington D.C. USA.
Brand-Williams, W., Cuvelier, M. E., & Berset, C. (1995). Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. LWT - Food Science Technology; 28(1):25–30. doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v7i2.24
Ezeigwe, N., & Okoye, C.O.B. (2021). Nutritional and Phytochemical evaluation of Morinda lucida leaves from Southern Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Biotechnology, 38 (2), 89-97
Horwitz, W., Editor (2003). Official methods of analysis of AOAC International; 17th ed. USA: Association of Official Analytical Communities
Hussain, J., Rehman, N., Al-Harrasi, A., Ali, L., Ullah, R., & Mabood, F, (2011). Nutritional prospects and mineral compositions of selected vegetables from Dhoda Sharif Kohat. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research; 5(29):6509–6514.
Imoisi, C., Iyasele, J. U. & Okhale, S. E. (2021) Proximate & acute toxicity profile of Vitex doniana fruit. Journal Chemical Society of Nigeria 46 (2), 276-282.
Imoisi, C., Iyasele, J. U. & Okpebho, A. O. (2023). The effects of citrus flour on the functional & proximate properties of cassava cake. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 22 (1), 19-26.
Josiah, G. J., Adama, J. Y., Jiya, Z., Abah, M. O. & Imoisi, C. (2023) In-vitro anthelmintic activities of stem & root bark extracts of Parkia biglobosa on infective larvae & adult of Haemonchus contortus. African Journal of Biotechnology 22 (1), 26-38.
Manandhar, S., Luitel, S. & Dahal, R. K. (2019). In vitro antimicrobial activity of some medicinal plants against human pathogenic bacteria. Journal of Tropical Medicine, p. 1895340.
Mlozi, S.H.S., (2022). Antimicrobial resistance antibiotic use practices in Tanzania: A review of current status and interventions. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 16(8), pp.215-224.
Nnadiukwu, U. C., Onyeike, E. N., Ikewuchi, C. C., & Patrick-Iwuanyanwu, K. C. (2023). Phytoche- mical and Nutrient Composition of Rice Husk. Tropical Journal Natural Product and Research. 7(2): 2457-2463
Odeyemi, O. O., & Afolayan, A. J. (2023). In vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Morinda lucida leaf extracts. BMC Complentary Medicine and Therapies, 23 (1), 45.
Okhale, S. E., Imoisi, C., Aboh, M. I. & Osunkwo, U. A. (2021) Effects of semisynthetic modifications on the antimicrobial activities of ethyl acetate extract of Mitracarpus villosus (Sw.) DC aerial part. Nature & Science 19 (11), 36-41.
Okhale, S. E., Imoisi, C., Okoli, C.P., Aliyu, A., Kazeem, T., Josiah, J. G., Egbeneje, V. O., & Sa’ad, M. (2024). Phytochemical and synergistic antimicrobial effects of morinda lucida, anogeissus leiocarpus and sarcocephalus latifolius leaf extract. Ghana Journal of Science. 65 (1).
Osuntokun, O. T., & Olajubu, F. A. (2015). Antibacterial and phytochemical properties of some Nigerian medicinal plant on Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi isolated from infected human stool in Owo local Government. Journal of Scientific Research & Reports. 4(5):441-449. DOI: 10.9734/JSRR/2015/12021 Editor(s)
Owolabi, A.O., Ndako, J.A., Akpor, O.B., Owa, S.O., Oluyori, A.P., Oludipe, O.E. & Aitolo, G.L. (2022). In vitro antimicrobial appraisal of the potentials of Morinda lucida against some selected bacteria. Food Research 6 (4) 380 - 387
Pakan, P., Indriarini, D., Amat, A. L. S., & Wungouw, H. P. L. (2023). Topical Antibacterial Therapy from Moringa oleifera Extract Against Staphylococcus epidermidis. Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research; 7 (10): 4182-4185. doi.org/10.26538/tjnpr/v7i10.10
Shakya, A. K. (2016). Medicinal plants: Future source of new drugs. International Journal of Herbal Medicine 4 (4): 59-64. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.1.1395.6085
Ugwu, C., Ugorji, L., Diovu, E., Nwajie, C., Amadi, B., Ezegbe, A., & Ugwu N. (2020). Formulation and evaluation of Morinda lucida based-phytosome complexes for malaria treatment. Pharnacology online vol.3 • 345-357
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Ebipade Kereakede, Haroun Ahmed Ali, Alhaji Abdullahi Isyaku, Oyong Ada Imelda, Hassan Abba Umar, Omenesa Rabiat Lawal, Mulade Gospel Lelegha, Romanus Angel, Danjuma Asabe
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
