CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF PANICUM MAXIMUM AS AFFECTED BY PIG MANURE RATES, PLANTING METHODS AND HARVESTING STAGES IN THE NORTHERN GUINEA SAVANNA OF NIGERIA.
Keywords:
Forage, manure, mineral, sampling, sowingAbstract
Effects of Pig manure application, planting methods and harvesting stages on chemical composition of Panicum maximum were evaluated during the rainy season of 2018 at the Feed and Nutrition Research Program of the National Animal Production Research Institute, Shika, Zaria, Nigeria. The experiment was laid in a Split Plot Design with 4×2×3 factorial arrangement replicated three times. The manure rates were 0, 5, 10 and 15t/ha, planting methods were; drilling and broadcasting methods while the harvesting stages were 6, 9 and 12 weeks after planting. The results indicated a higher (P<0.05) (93.76%) forage dry matter (DM) at 9th week of harvest while the CP content increased (P<0.05) with increasing rate of manure application (8.46-12.62%) while there was a decline in CP content as the harvesting stage advanced (10.85-13.00%). Acid Detergent Lignin (ADL) was significantly (P<0.05) affected by pig manure rates (3.49-6.45%). Phosphorus content of the forage was significantly affected by manure application (0.11-0.17%) while the harvesting stage had a significant (P<0.05) effect on Zn, Cu and Fe with 9th week of harvest having the highest values for the micro-nutrients evaluated. It was hence concluded that the chemical composition of Panicum maximum was affected by the treatments. Therefore, pig manure can be applied at 15t/ha using broadcasting method of planting. Panicum maximum forage can be harvested at 9th week after sowing for better mineral composition in Northern Guinea Savannah of Nigeria.
References
Aderoju, O. M., Ibrahim, M., Onuoha, H. U., Adebowale, R. K, and Oke, A. B (2013) Assessment of the Level of Noise from Base Transceivers’ Station using Geospatial Techniques: In Abuja Municipal Area Council. IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology (IOSR-JESTFT) Volume 7, Issue 4 (Nov. - Dec. 2013), PP 30-39 www.iosrjournals.org.
Alicja, B., Elżbieta, G., Agata, S., Piotr, P., Paweł, M., Wiesław, S. and Marek, Z. (2011) Subjective Complaints Of People Living Near Mobile Phone Base Stations In Poland. International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health 2012; 25 (1):31–40 DOI 10.2478/s13382-012-0007-9.
Anayochukwu, A. V. and Nnene, E. A. (2013) Measuring the Environmental Impact of Power Generation at GSM Base Station Sites. Electronic Journal of Energy & Environment Vol. 1, No. 1, April, 2013.
Bello, M. O. (2010) Effects of the Location of GSM Base Stations on Satisfaction of Occupiers and Rental Value of Proximate Residential Property. Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education. Vol. 3, No. 4; November 2010.
Cochran, W. G. (1963) Sampling Techniques, 2nd Ed New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
Daramola, J. (2013) Geographic Information System - A tool for Sustainable Development of the Nigeria Environment: Global System for Mobile Communication Mask Perspective. Journal of Environmental Research and Development Vol. 8 No. 1, July-September 2013.
El-Pateh, S. J. (2015) Assessment of Air Quality of some Road Inter-Sections in Kano Metropolis. Master’s Dissertation to the Department of Civil Engineering, Bayero University Kano. pp. 36.
Hutter, H. P., Moshammer, H., Wallner, P. and Kundi, M. (2005) Subjective symptoms, sleeping problems, and cognitive performance in subjects living near mobile phone base stations. Occup Environ Med 2006; 63:307–313. doi: 10.1136/oem.2005.020784.
Mbamali, I., Stanley, A. M. and Zubairu, I. K. (2012) Environmental, Health and Social Hazards of Fossil Fuel Electricity Generators: A Users’ Assessment in Kaduna, Nigeria. American International Journal of Contemporary Research Vol. 2 No. 9; September 2012.
Michael, A. O., Nnaemeka, B. E. and Matthew, T. O. (2013) Locational Effect of GSM Mast on Neighboring Residential Properties' Rental Values in Akure, Nigeria. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies Vol. 2 No 3.
National Environmental (Standards for Telecommunications and Broadcasting Facilities) Regulations, S. I. No. 11 of 2011.
National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency (Establishment) Act, 2007 No 25.
National Environmental Standards and Regulations Enforcement Agency [NESREA] (2016).
National Environnemental (Noise Standards and Control) Régulations, S. I. No. 35 of 2003.
Odunola, O. O., Jelili, M. O. and Asani, M. A. (2015) Telecommunication Mast Location and It’s Health Implication for Residents in Ogbomoso, Nigeria. Civil and Environmental Research Vol.7, No.9, 2015 www.iiste.org.
Onuoha, R.A (2016) Communication Mast and the Legal Framework for Planning Control in Nigeria: Problems and Prospects. AJLC Volume 6 Number 1 (2016) 25-36 ISSN-2045-8401.
Vini G. K., Lennart, H., Joris, E., Alicja, B. Michael, C., and Mikko A. (2010) Epidemiological evidence for a health risk from mobile phone base stations. International Journal of Occupational and Environmental health Vol 16, 2010- Issue 3.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
FUDMA Journal of Sciences