Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Activities and Therapeutic Potential of Kigelia Africana: A Comprehensive Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2026-1018-5991Keywords:
African, Alternative medicine, Ethno medicine, Kigelia africanaAbstract
The present research comprehensively studies the ethnobotanical, phytochemical and pharmacological profile of Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth. (Bignoniaceae) often known as the sausage tree. The main goal is to connect traditional healing practices in Africa with modern health care by gathering global literature on its biological use, structural parts and industrial prospects. This study assesses the peer-reviewed literature on the distribution, traditional use, extraction methods and therapeutic characteristics of the plant through a literature search that includes historical ethnobotanical records, regional pharmacopoeias and modern databases. The main phytochemical ingredients in different portions of the plant are a number of iridoids (for example, verminoside and catalpol), flavonoids (luteolin and kigelin derivatives), coumarins, naphthoquinones, phenolic acids (ferulic and chlorogenic acid), and important terpenoids. The traditional uses are supported by documented pharmacological actions with potent antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, wound-healing, anticancer and antidiabetic activities. Significant research shortcomings persist despite an abundance of documentation, including the absence of rigorous randomised clinical trials to confirm traditional claims, standardised methodologies for extraction to maximise yields of actives, comprehensive toxicological and pharmacokinetic profiling of unrefined fruit extracts, and sustainable conservation strategies to minimise habitat degradation from over-extraction. Filling these gaps will enable translation of Kigelia africana metabolites into standardised safe and efficacious modern pharmaceutical and cosmetic preparations.
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