Studies on the Adsorption of Cd(II) and Pb(II) Metal ions using Magnetite (Fe3O4) Nanoadsorbent from Fertilizer Wastewater
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2026-1012-5571Keywords:
Green Synthesis, Nanoadsorbent, Magnetite, CharacterizationAbstract
The green synthesized nanoadsorbent of magnetite (Fe3O4) was characterized for mineralogical phase structure, elemental composition, particles size and morphology. The XRD result showed distinct peaks at angles of 29.20, 33.33, 42.43, 48.22, 58.57, 64.33, 74.44, 76.42 and 86.44 degrees which is related to planes of (102), (104), (110), (113), (204), (116), (214), (300) and (010) with designated phase structure of cubic centered face and crystallite size of 9.04 nm. The elemental compositions also showed a separate peak of iron (Fe, 2.31 keV) and oxygen (O, 0.51 keV). While the surface morphology showed a well dispersed and slightly agglomerated with an average particle size distribution of 15.43 nm as well as dynamic light scattering particle size distribution of 45.76 nm and polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.287. The percentage removal efficiency of Cd(II) metal ions was the highest with 64.43 % when compared with Pb(II) metal ion with 53.43 % in contact time while in adsorbent dose and temperature Pb(II) metal ion had the highest with 68.67% and 65.78 % respectively, in the adsorption process. The kinetic adsorption data fitted well for the pseudo-second-order kinetic model due to the high number of R2 values of 0.9981and 0.9992 for Cd(II) and Pb(II) metal ions respectively, showing that chemisorption was the rate-determining step. The study demonstrated that magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoadsorbent can be utilized in wastewater treatment for the removal of metal ions due to its unique properties.
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