PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY EVALUATION OF THE ETHANOLIC LEAF EXTRACT OF MITRACARPUS SCABRUM
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate the phytochemical components and antimicrobial activity of Mitracarpus scabrum extracts on selected bacteria and fungi species. Phytochemical screening was carried out using standard protocols while the disc diffusion method was used to test for the activity of the extract against the test organisms. Phytochemical screening of the ethanolic extract of the herb revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, and steroids. The antimicrobial activity of the extract was assayed on three bacterial species (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella paratyphi) and two fungi species (Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus) at varying concentrations of the extract between 20mg/ml to 80mgl/ml at 370C. The results showed that the ethanolic extract of Mitracarpus scabrum has both antibacterial and antimycotic effect on Salmonella paratyphi (zone of inhibition of 9.0mm/ml) and Aspergillus flavus (zone of inhibition of 8.0mm/ml) respectively. Candida albicans, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were found to be resistant to the effect of this extract. The plant extract can thus be used in the development of alternative therapeutic agents against Salmonella paratyphi and Aspergillus flavus with less side effects compared with synthetic drugs
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