PRESERVATIVE ACTIVITIES OF EUCALYPTUS CITRIODORA ESSENTIAL OIL ON SOME PROCESSED FOODS
Abstract
The evaluation of plant constituents for antimicrobial and preservative activities on food products is part of the ongoing search for natural food preservatives. In line with that, detection of phytochemical constituents and evaluation of antimicrobial, GC – MS analysis and preservative properties of Eucalyptus citriodora essential oil on boiled white rice and bread was carried out using standard procedures. The results of the phytochemical screening revealed presence of saponins, tannins, flavonoids and phenolic compounds. Antibacterial activity of the E. citriodora oil showed highest zone of inhibition diameter against Shigella spp (21.66mm) while antifungal activity was more pronounced against Aspergillus fumigatus (31mm) using 100% oil. GC – MS analysis of the 100% petroleum ether fraction of the oil revealed compounds, which include cyclohexene and 1 – isopropyl – 2 – methylbenzene. Results of sanitizing activity of the 100% oil revealed 3.12 log count (cfu/g) reduction (bacteria), 3.22 log count (cfu/g) reduction (fungi) for boiled white rice and 1.50 log count (cfu/g) reduction (bacteria), 0.77 log count (cfu/g) reduction (fungi) for bread after 72 hours of storage. Results of organoleptic assessment and general acceptability showed that treatment
with 50% w/w of oil revealed 74.4% likeness by judges as compared to 11.1% for control (untreated) after 96 hours (4 days) for boiled white rice and 61.1% likeness by judges as compared to 45.5% for control (untreated) after 96 hours (4 days) for bread. Findings from this study showed that E. citriodora essential oil possess antimicrobial and preservative activities on boiled white rice and
References
Akinyemi, K.O., Oladapo, O., Okwara, C.E., Ibe, C.C. and Fasure, K.A. (2005): Screening of crude extracts of six medicinal plants used in South West Nigerian
unorthodox medicine for anti-methicillin resistant activity. BMC Complimentary Alternative Medicine, 5:6
Babu, G.D.K. and Singh, B. (2009): Simulation of Eucalyptus cinerea oil distillation: a study on optimization of 1,8-cineole production, Biochem. Eng. J. 44 (2009) 226–231
Bakkali, F., Averbeck, S., Averbeck, D., and Idaomar, M. (2008): Biological effects of essential oils e a review. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 46,446-475.
Batish, D.R., Singh, H.P., Kohli, R.K., Kaur, S. (2008): Eucalyptus essential oil as a natural pesticide, For. Ecol. Manage. 256: 2166–2174.
Bauer, A.W., Kirby, W.M., Serris, J.C. and Turek, M. (1996); Antibiotic susceptibility testing by a standard single disc method. AmericanJournal of c;inical Pathology; 42:493-496
Betts, T.J. (1994) : Evaluation of a “Chirasil-Val” capillary for the gas chromatography of volatile oil constituents, including sesquiterpenes in patchouli oil,
Journal of Chromatography :664 295–300.
Bukar, A., Uba, A. and Oyeyi, T. I. (2009): Occurrence of some enteropathogenic bacteria in some minimally and fully processed ready - to - eat foods in Kano
metropolis, Nigeria. African Journal of Food Science 4(2): 32 – 36. www.academicjournals.com/ajfs
Bukar, A. (2012). Preservative properties of Plant Extracts and oils on some foods. Lambert Academic Publishing, Germany. ISSBN: 978-3-659-26829-8. www.get-morebooks.com
Cakir, A., Kordali, S., Zengin, H., Izumi, S. and Hirata, T. (2004): Composition and antifungal activity of essential oils isolated from Hypericum hussopifolium and H. heterophyllum. Journal of Flavor Fragrance. 19:62-68
Cheesebrough, M. (2002): District Laboratory Practice for Tropical Countries, Part 2. Cambridge University Press, UK. Pp 180-197
Ciulci, I. (1994): Methodology for the analysis of Vegetable Drugs. Chemical Industries Branch, Division of Industrial Operations. UNIDO, Romania: 24, 26 and 67
Dalziel, J.M. (1916): A Hausa Botanical Vocabulary. T, Fisher Unwin Ltd, London. Pp 5-167 Davidson, P.M. and Brannen, A.L. (1993): Antimicrobials in Foods. Marcel Dekker, New York.
Deguerry, F., Pastore, L., Wu, S., Clark, A., Chappell, J. and Schalk, M (2006): The diverse sesquiterpene profile of patchouli, Pogostemoncablin, is correlated with limited number of sesquiterpene synthases, Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 454: 123–126.
Dillon, V.M. and Board, R.G. (1994): Natural Antimicrobial Systems and Food Preservation. CAB International,Wallingford. Oxon.
Fiori, A.C.G., Schwan-Estrada, K.R.F., Stangarlin, J.R., Vida, J.B., Scapim, C.A., Cruz, M.E.S. and Pascholati, S.F. (2000). Antifungal activity of leaf extracts and essential oils of some medicinal plants against Didymella bryoniae. J. Phytopathol. 148, 483–487.
Food and Drug Administration (2002): Summary of Bioterrorism Act of 2002 and its Effects on U.S. Imports. Section 305.
Frazier, and Westhoff, (1995): Food Microbiology.Tata and McGraw hill edition, Cambridge University Press. Pp 521-540
Gilles, M., Zhao, J., An, M., and Agboola, S. (2010): Chemical composition and antimicrobial properties of essential oils of three Australian Eucalyptus species. Food Chemistry, 119, 731–737
Jay, M.J. (2003): Modern Food Microbiology. 4th ed. Chapman and Hall inc. New York. Pp 187-195
Kaneko, K.I., Hayashidani, H., Ohtomo, Y., Kosuge, J., Kato, M., Takahashi, K., Yasuo, S. and Ogawa, M. (1999): Bacterial contamination of ready-to-eat foods and fresh products in retail shops and food factories. J. Food Prot., 62(6): 644-649.
Kawo, A.H. and Abdulmumin, F.N. (2009): Microbiological quality of pre-packed sweet sold in metropolitan Kano, Nigeria. Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 2(1):154-159
Lima, E.O., Gompertz, O.F., Geisbrecht, A.M. and Paulo, M.Q. (1993): Invitro antifungal activity of essential oils obtained from Official plants against dermatophytes. Mycoses. 36:333-336.
Manika , N., Mishra, P., Kumar, N., Chanotiya, C.S. and Bagchi, G.D., (2012) : Effect of season on yield and composition of the essential oil of Eucalyptus citriodora
Hook. Leaf grown in sub-tropical conditions in north India. Journal of Medicinal Plants. 6(14) 2875-2879
Murugan, S., Anand, R. Uma Devi, P., Vidhya, N. and Rajesh, K.A. (2007): Efficacy of Euphobiamilli and E.pulcherrima on aflatoxin producing fungi (Aspergillus flavus and A.parasiticus). African Journal of Biotechnology. 6(6):718-719.
Oluma, H.O.A., and Garba, I.U. (2004): Screening of Eucalyptus globulus and Ocimumgratissimum against Pythium aphanidermatum. Nigerian J. Plant Prot. 21, 109–114
Qian, H. and Nihorimbere, U. (2004): Antioxidant power of phytochemicals from Psidium guajava leaf. Zhejiang Univ. Sci : 5: 676-683
Reed, S.M. and Hutchinson, J.E.(2000): Green Chemistry in the Organic Technical Laboratory: An environmentally benign synthesis of the adipic acid. J.Chem.Educ. 77(12): 1627-1629
Santana, L.J., Quintans-Junior, S.C.H., Cavalcanti, M.G.B., Oliveira, A.G. and Guimaraes, E.S. (2011): p- Cymene reduces orofacial nociceptive response in mice. Revista Brasiteria Farmacogen. 21: Pp 1138-1143
Selvaraj, M., Pandurangan, A., Seshadri, K.S., Sinha, P.K., Krishnasamy, V. and Lal, K.B. (2002): Comparison of mesorporous A1-MCM-41 molecular sieves in the production of p-Cymene for Isopropylation of toluene. Journal of Mocular Catalysis A Chemistry. 186:173-186
Shamsudeen, U. and Ameh, J.B. (2008): Survey of the possible critical control points during the production of’ ‘Balangu’ in Kano. Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 1(1): 76-79
Shamsudeen, U., Bassey, E.E. and Sheshe, K.I (2014) :Inhibitory Activity of Clove and Neem Essential oil on the growth of some Molds Isolated from Foods. International Journal of Applied Sciences and Engineering. 2(1): 10-12.
Singh, G., Kapoor, I. P. S., Pandey, S. K., Singh, U. K., and Singh, R. K. (2002): Studies on essential oils: Part 10; antibacterial activity of volatile oils of some spices. Phytotherapy Research, 16, 680–682
Sofowara, E.A. (1993): Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicines in Africa. Spectrum Books Ltd., Ibadan, Nigeria: 2. 81-85.
Srikrishna, A., Satyanarayana, G. (2005) An enantiospecific total synthesis of patchouli alcohol, Asymmetry 16: 3992–3997
Su, Y. C., Ho, C. L., Wang, E. I., and Chang, S. T. (2006): Antifungal activities and chemical compositions of essential oils from leaves of four eucalyptus. Taiwan Journal of Forest and Science, 21, 49–61
Tayyab, S. (1990): Biotechnology: A Textbook of Industrial Microbiology. Biochemical Education, 18(3), 151–152.
Trease, G.E. and Evans, W.C. (1989): Pharmacognosy. 15th edition. Lea and Fabiger, Philadepia.
Xie, G., Chen, N., Soromou, F., Liu, Y., Xiong, Q., Wu, H., Li, H., Feng, H. and Liu, G (2012): p-Cymene protects mice against lipopolysaccharide induced acute lung injury by inhibiting inflammatory cell activation. Molecules. 17 Pp 8159-8173
Copyright (c) 2023 FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
FUDMA Journal of Sciences
