PROCESS FOR CHROMIUM (VI) REMOVAL FROM MECHANIZED TANNERY WASTEWATER USING ACTIVATED CARBON OBTAINED FROM TANNERY SOLID WASTES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2021-0501-577Keywords:
Leather Shaving, Buffing dust, Tannery effluent, Activated Carbon, Adsorption and Chrome ionAbstract
This study offers an integrated process for treatment and recycling of tannery waste, it has a dual purpose. First the activated carbon has been prepared from leather shaving and buffing dust by physical activation. Both the raw material (leather waste) and the prepared activated carbon were analyzed by DTG, Thermo Gravimetric Analysis TGA, and scanning electron microscope. The adsorption tests of methylene blue and iodine onto the raw material and the prepared adsorbent were carried out and it was found that the adsorption capacity of the activated carbon was enhanced by the physical activation. The Activated Carbon was then characterized by equation of Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area was found to be 491.05 and 242.60 m2/g for activated carbons prepared from Leather Savings and Buffing Dust respectively and the functional groups on the adsorbent surface were mainly CN, NH, OH, CO and CS. Secondly, the performance of the prepared activated carbon was assessed by adsorption of chromium (VI) from a synthetic solution, and then the chromium (III) present in the tanning effluent. The results revealed a decrease of chromium by 76% and 73% for the activated carbons prepared from Leather Savings and Buffing Dust, respectively
References
Adriano, D. C. (1986). Trace elements in the terrestrial environment (pp. 105-123). New York: Springer Verlag.
Brun, L. A., Maillet, J., Hinsinger, P., & Pépin, M. (2001).Evaluation of copper availability to plants in copper-contaminated vineyard soils. Environmental Pollution, 111, 293-302.
Fiedman, M., (2007). Overview of antibacterial, antitoxin, antiviral and antifungal activities of tea flavonoids and (tea .Mol).Nutr.Food Res. 51,116-134.
Fung, K. F., and M. H. Wong, (2002).Effects of Soil pH on the Uptake of Al, Fe and other elements by tea plants.J. Sci. Food Agri., 82(1), 146-152.
Khokhar, S.; Magnusdottir, S.G. (2002).Total phenol, catechin, and caffeine contents of teas commonly consumed in the United Kingdom.
Kumar, A., Nair, A. G. C., Reddy, A. V. R., & Garg, A. N. (2005). Availability of essential elements in Indian and US tea brands. Food Chemistry, 89, 441-448.
Karak, T; Bhagat, R.M.(2010). Trace elements in tea leaves, made tea and tea infusion: A review.
Kawada, T., Lee, Y., Suzuki, S., & Rivai, I. F. (2002). Copper in carrots by soil type and area in Japan: A baseline study.Journal of Trace Element and Medical Biology, 16, 179 -182.
McLaughlin, D. (2002). Soil investigation and human health risk assessment for the Rodney Street Community, Port Colborne. Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Toronto: Queen's Printer for Ontario.
Narin, I., Colak, H., Turkoglu, O., Soylak, M., & Dogan, M. (2004). Heavy metals in black tea samples produced in Turkey. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination andToxicology, 72, 844-849.
Powell, J.J., Burden, T.J. and Thompson, R.P.H. (1998). In vitro mineral availability from digested tea: A rich dietary source of manganese. Analyst, 123:17211724. pp. 259-263, ISSN 0889-1575
Robert B., and Gustav K., (2014).“Chemical Heritage Foundationâ€.Retrieved 2014-07-29.
Ramakrishna, R. S., Palmakumbura, S., & Chatt, A. (1986). Varietal variation and correlation of trace metal levels with catechins and caffeine in Sri Lanka tea. Journal of Food Science and Agriculture, 38(4), 331-339.
Salahinejad, M., & Aflaki, F. (2010). Toxic and essential mineral elements content of black tea leaves and their tea infusions consumed in Iran. Biological Trace Element Research, 134, 109-117.
Sabhapondit, S.; Karak, T.; Bhuyan, L.P.; Goswami, B.C.; Hazarika, M. (2012).Diversity of catechin in northeast Indian tea cultivars.
Tanaka,T.; Kouno, I.(2003). Oxidation of Tea Catechins: Chemical Structures and Reaction Mechanism.Food Science and Technology Research.
USEPA (1992). Guidelines for Exposure Assessment, EPA/600/Z-92/001. Risk Assessment Forum, Washington, DC.
WHO/EU (1993) Drinking water standards comparative. www.lenntech.com/who-eu-water-stndards.htm
Zerabruk, S., Chandravanshi, B. S., and Zewge, F., (2010). Fluoride in black and green tea (Camellia sinensis) liquors in Ethiopia: Measurement and safety evaluation. B. Chem. Soc. Ethiopia, 24(3), 327 - 338.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
FUDMA Journal of Sciences
