DISCRIMINATING SOYBEAN VARIETIES VIA MINERAL COMPOSITION, PHYTOCHEMICAL PROFILING AND DNA QUALITY ANALYSIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2026-1002-4665Keywords:
Discriminating, Mineral, Phytochemical, Profiling, Dna Quality, SoybeanAbstract
Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) is a globally important legume valued for its nutritional and industrial applications. This study evaluated twenty soybean varieties for mineral composition, phytochemical profiling, and DNA quality to provide an integrated assessment of their nutritional, biochemical, and molecular attributes. The germplasm was sourced from the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria. Genomic DNA was extracted using NIMR Kit I and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) protocols, and quality was assessed via spectrophotometry and agarose gel electrophoresis.The mineral composition of the soybean varieties revealed varying levels of the mineral constituents such as calcium (47.40 - 66.00ppm), magnesium (53.50 -72.10ppm), manganese (0.89 - 2.14ppm), copper (0.57 - 1.34ppm), zinc (2.34 - 4.24ppm), sodium (120.00 - 589.00ppm), potassium (130.00 - 781.00ppm) and phosphorous (0.47 - 6.16ppm). The phytochemical composition of the soybean varieties revealed varying levels of Phytate (25.54 to 33.78 mg/g), Saponin (2.05 to 3.60mg/g), Tannin (0.05 to 0.23mg/g) and Oxalate (0.90 to 2.79mg/g). DNA quality for NIMR Kit I ranged from 1.709–2.261 (A260/A280) and 1.173–2.304 (A260/A230), while SDS extracted DNA ranged from 1.694–2.097 (A260/A280) and 1.734–2.598 (A260/A230), indicating the presence of contaminants in some samples. Overall, DNA quality based on A260/A280 ratios was higher for the SDS protocol compared to NIMR Kit I, suggesting it as the preferable method for downstream molecular applications, although further purification may be required for some of the samples.
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