INVESTIGATING THE IN VITRO ANTI-INFLAMMATORY PROPERTIES AND THE EFFECT OF FICUS EXASPERATA ON KIDNEY PROFILE

Olayemi Mujidat Olude; S. D. E. Ishaq; Osagie Eweka; Chiedu O. Emeninwa

doi:10.33003/fjs-2025-0909-4012

Authors

Olayemi Mujidat Olude
mujidat.olude@uniben.edu

University of Benin, Benin City
S. D. E. Ishaq
University of Benin
Osagie Eweka
University of Benin
Chiedu O. Emeninwa
Southern Delta University, Ozoro

Keywords:

Ficus exasperata, Renal profile, Anti-inflammation, Toxicity, Histology

Abstract

Ficus exasperata (FE) possesses a rich heritage of application in indigenous medicinal systems especially in Nigeria. This study investigates the in vitro anti-inflammatory properties of this plant and its effect on renal profile in rats. Methanol extract of FE leaves was prepared using standard techniques. Inhibition of protein denaturation, hypotonicity, and heat-induced haemolysis assay were investigated as the anti-inflammatory markers. The toxicity test was assessed through a repeated-dose oral gavage study using doses (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg) administered daily for 28 days. Biochemical markers and histological examination were employed to assess toxicity in the experiments. The results showed that the extract exhibited concentration-dependent inhibition of protein denaturation at different concentrations. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between the extract and control in the red blood cell membrane stabilization assay. Catalase and superoxide dismutase activities showed no significant difference across the groups. However, there was a significant increase (p<0.05) in reduced glutathione activity (GSH) in group 2 and GPx activity and total protein level in group 3 experimental rats when compared to the control. Malondialdehyde level was significantly reduced (p<0.05) in groups 3 and 4 compared to the control. Urea and creatinine showed no difference statistically across the different groups. Bicarbonate was not statistically different among the groups, but other electrolytes assayed for differed significantly. The histology displayed normal architecture at different doses of FE but active interstitial congestion was noted. The methanol leaf extract of FE possesses high anti-inflammatory potentials and it is relatively safe.

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INVESTIGATING THE IN VITRO ANTI-INFLAMMATORY PROPERTIES AND THE EFFECT OF FICUS EXASPERATA ON KIDNEY PROFILE

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