COMPARATIVE STUDY FOR EFFICACY OF DIFFERENT DIAGNOSTIC TESTS OF SUBCLINICAL MASTITIS IN GOATS IN TORO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, BAUCHI STATE, NIGERIA
Abstract
This study was aimed to determine the comparative efficacy of various diagnostic tests for subclinical mastitis (SCM) in goats. The study was conducted on 210 (6 blind) quarter milk samples from 108 goats. Cultural examination was used as the gold standard to compare the accuracy of the following diagnostic tests: CMT, Masttest, Mastidin, Kerba test, Milk test, WST, BBST and SCC. The incidence rates were highest with CMT (28,7%) and lowest with Mastidin (22.2%). Cultivation revealed the presence of Coagulase-positive Staphylococcus, Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, Streptococcus species, Bacillus species, Lactobacillus species, Escherichia coli, Salmonella species, Enterobacter species and Klebsiella species. No growth was observed on Brucella Agar. The sensitivity, specificity and predictive value of various tests were recorded and it was found that CMT had the highest sensitivity (32.89%), specificity (96.55%) and predictive value (96.15%) than compare with the other diagnostic methods for diagnosis of sub clinical mastitis in goat. The accuracy of all the conducted diagnostic tests when compared cultural examination were considered to be statistically significant (p<0.01). It can be concluded thatCMT can be used as a first screening tool for detecting suspected samples for further investigation for SCM also as the decision criteria to treat or to cull the animals in herds with high prevalence of SCM.
References
Aliev, A.Y., Mahtieva, A.J. (2014). Diagnosis of mastitis in sheep. Veterinarnaya pathologiya.2: 5-8.
Amare, A. (2016). Review on epidemiology of clinical and subclinical mastitis on dairy cows. Food Sci. Qual. Manag. 52: 56-65.
Anusha, D., Ayodhya, S., Nagaraj P and Gopala R. A. (2018). Comparative studies for efficacy of different diagnostic tests of sub-clinical mastitis in cows. The Pharma Innovation Journal 7(4): 149-152.
Ariznabarreta, A., Gonzalo, C. & San Primitivo F. (2002). Microbiological quality and somatic cell count of ewe milk with special reference to Staphylococci. Journal of Dairy Science. 85(6): 1370-1375. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(02)74203-3
Bardhan, D. (2013), Estimates of Economic Losses Due to Clinical Mastitis in Organized Dairy Farms. Indian J. Dairy Sci. 66: 168–172.
Bianchi, L., Bolla, A., Budell, E., Caroli, A., Casoli, C., Pauselli, M. & Duranti, E. (2004). Effect of uder health status and lactation phase on the characteristics of Sardinian ewe milk. Journal of Dairy Science. 87(8): 2401-2408. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(04)73362-7
Bogdanovicova, K., Vyletelova-Klimesova M., Babak V., Kalhotka L., Kolachkova I., Karpiskova R. (2016). Microbiological Quality of Raw Milk in the Czech Republic. Czech J. Food Sci. 189-196. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17221/25/2016-CJFS
Bonestroo, J., Fall, N., Hogeveen, H., Emanuelson, U., Klass, I.C., Voorf, M. (2023). The costs of chronic mastitis: A simulation study of an automatic milking system farm. Preventive Veterinary Medicine. 210: 105799. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2022.105799
Buragohain, J and Dutta, G.N. (1998). Comparative efficacy of mastitis detection strips in diagnosis of bovine subclinical mastitis. Ind Vet. J. 1998, 75: 736-737.
Chanawanno, C., Sompen, C., and Satarpai, T. (2023). Development of a paper strip test for colorimetric detection of urea in raw materials for animal feed. Food Science & Nutrition, 11(6), 3048-3056. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/fsn3.3285
Chauhan RS. (2003). Veterinary Lab Diagnosis. International Book Distributor Co., Lucknow (UP), 2003, 51-52.
Danmallam F.A. and Pimenov N.V. (2017). Species compo¬sition of microflora isolated from the mammary gland of a healthy and sick mastitis goat. Vet. Zootekhniya, 2017, 4: 6-12.
Danmallam F.A. Pimenov N.V., Ngulukun S.S., Mwankon S.E. (2018). Prevalence and bacterial etiology of mastitis in small ruminants in Toro Local Government Area, Bauchi State, Nigeria. RJOAS. 7(79): 341-345. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18551/rjoas.2018-07.38
Gera S, A Sharma, RS Dabur, VK Jain and SL Garg, (2006). Studies on changes in milk composition and chemotherapeutic sensitivity in camel (Camelus dromedarius) in sub clinical mastitis. In: Proc Inter Sci Conf Camels, (Quassim University). 2: 937-946.
Ghulam M., Abeera N., Muhammad N. A., Muhammad S. Fazal-ur-Rehman. (2010). Evaluation of a 3% surf solution (surf field mastitis test) for the diagnosis of subclinical bovine and bubaline mastitis Trop Anim Health Prod, 42:457–464. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-009-9443-3
Hag, T.J. (2002). Somatic cell count basics for dairy sheep. Ontario: Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affair, 2002. Disponível em: . Acessado em 02/2008.
Hoque, M.N., Das ZC, Talukder AK, Alam MS, Rahman ANMA. (2015). Different screening tests and milk somatic cell count for the prevalence of subclinical bovine mastitis in Bangladesh. Trop Anim Health Prod. 47(1):79-86. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-014-0688-0
Kumar, R., Thakur, A., and Sharma, A. (2023). Comparative prevalence assessment of subclinical mastitis in two crossbred dairy cow herds using the California mastitis test. J. Dairy Vet. Anim. Res, 12(2), 98-102. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15406/jdvar.2023.12.00331
Langer A, Sharma S, Sharma NK, Nauriyal DS. (2014). Comparative efficacy of different mastitis markers for diagnosis of sub-clinical mastitis in cows. International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology. 2(2):121-125. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v2i2.10191
Mavrogenis, A.P., Koumas, A., Kakoyiannis, C.K. & Taliotis, C.H. (1995). Use of somatic cell counts for the detection of subclinical mastitis in sheep. Small Ruminant Research. 17(1): 79-84. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0921-4488(95)00652-2
Mbindyo, C.M., Gitao, C.G. and Bebor, L. A (2014). cross-sectional study on the prevalence of subclinical mas-titis and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the bacte-rial isolates in milk samples of smallholder dairy goats in Kenya. Am. J. Res. Commun. 2(8): 30-51
Mishra, A.K., Sharma, N.S., Kumar, A. and Shivasharanappa, N. (2014). Prevalence of subclinical mas¬titis in different breeds of goats. Vet. Pract. 15(1): 140-141.
Otoo, Jonas A., and Travis S. (2022). Schlappi. "REASSURED multiplex diagnostics: a critical review and forecast." Biosensors 12, no. 2 : 124. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12020124
Podhorecká, K., Borková, M., Šulc, M., Seydlová, R., Dragounová, H., Švejcarová, M., and Elich, O. (2021). Somatic cell count in goat milk: An indirect quality indicator. Foods, 10(5), 1046. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10051046
Rakesh Kumar, Yudhbir Singh Rana and Anshu Sharma (2018). Comparative Study of Different Tests for Diagnosis of Sub Clinical Mastitis in Buffaloes. Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci. 7(10): 520-528. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2018.710.057
Reddy, B.S.S., Kumari, K.N., Reddy, Y.R., Reddy, M.V.B. and Reddy, B.S. (2014). Comparison of different diagnostic tests in subclinical mastitis in dairy cattle. Int. J. Vet. Sci. 3: 224-228.
Reddy, L.V; Chaudhary, P.C. and Hamza, P.A. (1998). Sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of various indirect tests in the diagnosis of subclinical mastitis. Indian Vet. J. 75: 1004-1005.
Sahay, S., Sinha, B.P. and Verma, S.P. (2002). Comparative efficacy of some indirect tests in the diagnosis of subclinical mastitis. Indian J. Vet. Med. 22(2): 112-113.
Schalm, O.W., Carroll, E.J. and Jain, N.C. (1971). Bovine mastitis. ed. Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia.
Sharma N, V Pandey and NA Sudhan, (2010). Comparison of some indirect screening tests for detection of subclinical mastitis in dairy cows. Bulg J Vet Med. 13: 98-103.
Siji PC, Vijayakumar K. (2006). Comparative efficacy of different diagnostic tests in subclinical mastitis in crossbred dairy cows. Indian Journal of Comparative Microbiology, Immunology and Infectious Diseases. 27(1):46-47.
Singh, B. and Kumar, R. (2022). Comparative efficacy and validation of different diagnostic methods in detection of subclinical mastitis in farms of Bundelkhand. J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 53(2): 226-234. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51966/jvas.2022.53.2.226-234
Tiwari, A., Sisodia, R.S., Tiwari, G.P. and Shukla, P.C. (2001). Somatic cell count in milk of subclinical mastitic cows in Malwa region of M.P. Indian J. Vet Med. 21(1): 39-40.
Van Soest, F.J.S., Santman-Berends, I.M.G.A., Lam, T.J.G.M., Hogeveen, H., 2016. Failure and preventive costs of mastitis on Dutch dairy farms. J. Dairy Sci. 99: 8365–8374. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2015-10561
Verma, S., Malik, Y. S., Singh, G., Dhar, P., & Singla, A. K. (2024). Aseptic Collection, Preservation, and Dispatch of Samples for Disease Diagnosis. In Core Competencies of a Veterinary Graduate 101-117) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-0433-0_9
Copyright (c) 2024 FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
FUDMA Journal of Sciences
