PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM DATE PALM (Phoenix dactylifera) SEEDS

Authors

  • Muhammad Abdulkarim
    Department of Chemistry, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University Lapai
  • I. L. Ibrahim
  • M. Mohammed
  • M. Musah

Keywords:

Carbonised, Surface area, Low-cost, Adsorbent

Abstract

In this study, agricultural waste (date seeds) were used to produce activated carbon in an oxygenated environment. The produced activated carbon was characterised. The HRSEM showed mesoporous structural morphology, which exhibited a surface area of 54.53 m2/g, pore size of 10.34 nm and pore volume of 0.1256 cc/g. The EDX spectrum revealed the presence of C and O as the major elemental compositions in the activated carbon. The FTIR spectrum indicated the presence of OH-, C=C, C=O and C-H at absorption bands of 3400, 2900, 1650, and 1300 cm-1, respectively.  The diffractogram of the activated carbon revealed graphitic carbon 2 peaks of 22o and 43o which are related to (002) and (100) plane, respectively. The conversion of agricultural waste to activated carbon possessing these unique properties could serve as a promising and low-cost adsorbent for the removal of toxic pollutants from industrial wastewater.

Dimensions

Ani, J. U., Akpomie, K. G., Okoro, U. C., Aneke, L. E., Onukwuli, O. D., & Ujam, O. T. (2020). Potentials of activated carbon produced from biomass materials for sequestration of dyes, heavy metals, and crude oil components from aqueous environment. Applied Water Science, 10(2), 69. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-020-1149-8.

Cho, H., Smith, B., Wnuk, J., Fairbrother, D., & Ball, W. (2008). Influence of surface oxides on the adsorption of naphthalene onto multiwalled carbon nanotubes. Environmental Science & Technology, 42(8), 2899-2905. https://doi.org/10.1021/es702363e.

Chulliyil, H. M., Hamdani, I. R., Ahmad, A., Al Shoaibi, A., & Chandrasekar, S. (2024). Enhanced moisture adsorption of activated carbon through surface modification. Results in Surfaces and Interfaces, 14, 100170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsurfi.2023.100170.

He, J., Zhao, Y., Zhou, Y., & Wu, S. (2023). Preparation of high-performance activated carbons from hemicellulose pre-extracted residues of poplar and their application in vocs removal. Bioresources, 18(2), 2874-2896. https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.18.2.2874-2896.

Mubari, P. K., Beguerie, T., Monthioux, M., Weiss-Hortala, E., Nzihou, A., & Puech, P. (2022). The X-ray, Raman and TEM signatures of cellulose-derived carbons explained. C, 8(1), 4. https://doi.org/10.3390/c8010004.

Nabavi, E., Sabour, M., & Dezvareh, G. A. (2022). Ozone treatment and adsorption with granular activated carbon for the removal of organic compounds from agricultural soil leachates. Journal of Cleaner Production, 335, 130312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.130312.

Nayl, A. E. A., Elkhashab, R. A., El Malah, T., Yakout, S. M., El-Khateeb, M. A., Ali, M. M. S., & Ali, H. M. (2017). Adsorption studies on the removal of COD and BOD from treated sewage using activated carbon prepared from date palm waste. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 24(28), 22284–22293. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-9878-4.

Reza, S., Yun, C. S., Afroze, S., Radenahmad, N., AbuBakar, M. S., Saidur, R., Taweekun, J. & Azad, A. K. (2020). Preparation of activated carbon from biomass and its’applicationsin water and gas purification, a review. Arab Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 27(1), 208–238. https://doi.org/10.1080/25765299.2020.1766799.

Shen, F., Liu, J., Gu, C., & Wu, D. (2019). Roles of oxygen functional groups in hydrogen sulfide adsorption on activated carbon surface: a density functional study. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 58(14), 5526-5532. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.9b00507.

Sun, Y., Li, H., Li, G., Gao, B., Yue, Q., & Li, X. (2016). Characterization and ciprofloxacin adsorption properties of activated carbons prepared from biomass wastes by H3PO4 activation. Bioresource Technology, 217, 239–244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2016.03.047.

Subki, N. S., Akhir, N. M., Abdul Halim, N. S., & Nik Yusoff, N. R. (2020). COD Reduction in Industrial Wastewater Using Activated Carbon Derived from Wodyetia Bifurcata Fruit. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 549(1), 012066. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/549/1/012066.

Vakili, A., Zinatizadeh, A. A., Rahimi, Z., Zinadini, S., Mohammadi, P., Azizi, S., Karami, A., & Abdulgader, M. (2023). The impact of activation temperature and time on the characteristics and performance of agricultural waste-based activated carbons for removing dye and residual COD from wastewater. Journal of Cleaner Production, 382, 134899. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.134899.

Varsani, V., Vyas, S. J., & Dudhagara, D. R. (2022). Development of bio-based material from the Moringa oleifera and its bio-coagulation kinetic modeling–A sustainable approach to treat the wastewater. Heliyon, 8(9), e10447. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10447

Published

30-06-2024

How to Cite

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM DATE PALM (Phoenix dactylifera) SEEDS. (2024). FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES, 8(3), 409-415. https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2024-0803-2567

Issue

Vol. 8 No. 3 (2024): FUDMA Journal of Sciences - Vol. 8 No. 3 (Special Issue)

Section

Research Articles
Copyright & Licensing

FUDMA Journal of Sciences

How to Cite

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM DATE PALM (Phoenix dactylifera) SEEDS. (2024). FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES, 8(3), 409-415. https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2024-0803-2567

Most read articles by the same author(s)