LARVICIDAL ACTIVITY OF Lawsonia inermis L. AND Senna obtusifolia L. AGAINST FOURTH INSTAR LARVAE OF Culex quinquefasciatus (SAY) (CULICIDAE: DIPTERA)
Abstract
Ethanolic leaves extract of two plants, Lawsonia inermies L. and Senna obtusifolia L. were tested on against 4th instar larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus. Three different concentration; 25000, 5000 and 75000 ppm of the plant extracts were made and tested to assess their toxicity and to determine the lethal concentrations required to kill 50% of the insect. Results show that mortality increased as the period of exposure and concentration level increased. The mortality recorded in L. inermis and S. obtusifolia at 25000 ppm was 70% and 80%, respectively, while 100% mortality was caused by 75000 ppm of each of the two plants leaf extracts. The lethal concentration causing 50% (LC50) mortality of 4th instars larvae of C. quinquefasciatus varied. These results indicated that L. inermis and S. obtusifolia extracts were toxic to immature stages of C. quinquefasciatu and could developed as a biological control agent for mosquitoes’ management
References
Arivoli S., Ravindran J.K and Tennyson S (2012). Larvicidal Efficacy of Plant Extracts against the Malarial Vector Anopheles stephensi Liston (Diptera: Culicidae). World Journal of Medical Sciences 7 (2): 77-80.
Amer A and Mehlhorn H., (2006). Larvicidal effects of various essential oils against Aedes, Anopheles, and Culex larvae (Diptera, Culicidae). Parasitol Res 99: 466–472
Dass K., Mariappan P. (2014). Larvicidal activity of Lawsonia inermis and Murraya exotica leaves extract on filarial vector, Culex quinquefasciatus. International Journal of Mosquito Research, 1 (2): 25-27
Ebuka K.E., Chukwudi M.E., Nwankwo E.N., Angus E.O., Inya-Agha M.U., Anumba J.U., Chukwuzoba O.A., and Onyali I.O., (2017). The larvicidal and repellent effect of bush mint plant (Hyptis suaveolens) and hairy sicklepod (Senna hirsuta) extracts against the larvae and adult of Culex quinquefasciatus, Journal of Mosquito Research, 7(8): 59-69 (doi: 10.5376/jmr.2017.07.0008).
Eneanya O.A., Cano J., Dorigatti I., Anagbogu I., Okoronkwo C., Garske T and Donnelly C.A (2018). Environmental suitability for lymphatic filariasis in Nigeria. Parasites & Vectors. 11:513
Littig, K. S., & Stojanovich, C. J. (n.d.). identification key- Mosquitoes: Characteristic of Anophelines and Culicines. Retrieved January 12, 2019, from Center for Disease Control website:http://www.cdc.gov/nceh/ehs/docs/pictorial_keys/mosquitoes.pdf%0Ahttps://www.cdc.gov/nceh/ehs/docs/pictorial_keys/mosquitoes.pdf
Mbatchou V.C., Tchouassi D.P., Dickson R.A., Annan K., Mensah A.Y., Amponsah I.K., Jacob J.W., Cheseto X., Habtemariam S and Torto B., (2017). Mosquito larvicidal activity of Cassia tora seed extract and its key anthraquinones aurantio-obtusin and obtusin. Parasites & Vectors 10: (562).
Okorie P.N., &, Davies E., Ogunmola O.O., Ojurongbe O., Saka Y., Okoeguale B., Braide E.I (2015). Lymphatic filariasis baseline survey in two sentinel sites of Ogun state, Nigeria Pan Africa Medical Journal. 20: (397): 56-86
Raheli N. M, Ojunga M and Ramesh F (2014). The larvicidal activity of Indigofera arrecta leaf extract against culex mosquito larvae. International Journal of Bioassays., 4: (01): 3666-3669
Remia, K.M and Logaswamy S., (2010). Larvicidal Efficacy of Leaf extract of two botanicals against the Mosquito vector Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). Indian Journal of Natural Product and Resources. 1 (2): 208-212.
Sani, I and Suleiman, M. (2017). Insecticidal activities of some Plant Extracts against the Cowpea Beetle, Callosobruchusmaculatus F. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Journal of Bioscience and Environment 4(1): 7-14
Sani I., Yusuf U and Umar KM (2017). Larvicidal Efficacy of Entomopathogenic Fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae against Culex quinquefasciatus (Say) (Diptera: Culicidae). Annals of Experimental Biology. 4(4):17-21
Suleiman, M., Rugumamu, C. P and Ibrahim, N. D. (2018a). Insecticidal toxicity of some botanicals against Sitophilus zeamais Motsch. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in stored sorghum grains in Nigeria. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies. 6(1): 1280-1287.
Ubulom, P., Imandeh, G., Akpabio, A., Opara, K., & Ekanem, M. (2013). Larvicidal effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Senna alata on Anopheles gambiae, Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti. Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 26(3), 561–566. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23625430
World Health Organization (2015). Fact sheet on Lymphatic Filariasis. Retrieved on 13th Nov. 2015 from; https://www.who.int/lymphatic_filariasis/resources/who_wer9139/en/
World Health Organization (2019). Mosquito-borne diseases. Retrieved on 13th March 2019 from; https://www.who.int/neglected_diseases/vector_ecology/mosquito-borne-diseases/en/
Copyright (c) 2023 FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
FUDMA Journal of Sciences
