PROSPECTIVE PLANTS USED FOR IMPROVING FARMLANDS AND MINING SOILS IN NIGERIA
Abstract
The imbalance of soil nutrients poses health threat to mankind. Excesses result in toxicity of biota while deficiencies attribute to impaired health conditions. The aim of the paper is to find from the literature for plants (hyperaccumulators) that can be used to balance excess nutrients due to mining activity and compost same to improve farmlands in Nigeria. Potential contaminants from the prioritize mineral ores in Nigeria include Ba, Cd, Co, Cu, Ge, Hg Pb, Zn and SiO2. Cu, Zn, B and Mo were found excessively in some soils in the country. The metals hyperaccumulating plants including Great mullein (Verbascum densiflora), Chinese brake fern (Pteris vittata), willow (Salix viminalis), Siam weed (Chromoleaeceae odarata), Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea), Sword grass (Imperata cylindrical), Helianthus annuus (Sunflower), Trifolium pratense (Red clover) and Atriplex halimus may remedy the contaminants and when composted amend deficiencies in the soils elsewhere. Research is required to arrive at optimum conditions for efficient soil phytoremediation and amendments.
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