EVALUATION OF THREE PRE-EMERGENCE HERBICIDES FOR WEED CONTROL IN SOYA BEAN [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] IN DUTSINMA AND SOKOTO, SUDAN SAVANNA
Abstract
Field trials were conducted during the 2017 wet season at the Dryland Teaching and Research Farm of , Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto (Latitude 13o 7’N, Longitude 50 10’E’) and Dutsinma in Katsina State (longitude 70 29’E, Latitude 12o 27’N ). The aim was to evaluate Pendimethalin, Butachlor and S-Metolachlor for weed control in soya beans. Treatments consisted of Pendimethalin at 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2 kg a.i./ha, Butachlor at 1.5, 1.8 and 2.0 kg a.i./ha and S-Metolachlor at 0.6, 1.3 and 1.9 kg a.i./ha and control where weeding was done manually at 4 and 6 weeks after sowing. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design and replicated three times. Data were collected on weed parameters. Results obtained indicated that all the herbicide treatments significantly reduced weed infestation during the first four weeks after sowing but the crop experienced competition with weeds thereafter which varied according to the types of herbicides and their rates. Pendimethalin (1.0 and 1.2 kg a.i./ha, S-Metholachlor (1.9 kg a.i./ha) and Butachlor (2.0 kg a.i./ha) exhibited superior performance over other herbicide treatments. However, Pendimethalin at 1.2 kg a.i./ha caused injury to the plants though not prolonged. Hoe weeded plots faced early competition with weeds but were relatively weed-free during the reproductive phase of the crop. Soya bean farmers in Katsina and Sokoto could apply Butachlor 2.0 kg a.i./ha or S-Metolachlor 1.9 kg a.i./ha or Pendimethalin 1.0 kg a.i./ha for good control of weeds during the establishment phase of soya bean.
References
Agabi, J. A. (1995). Introduction to the Nigerian Environment. In Nigerian Environment. National Conservation foundation. Lagos. Macmillan Nigeria Publishers Limited, p 219
Ajokporise, D., Ogedemgbe, F. O., Nwangie, S. E. (2018) Effect of Weed Management Methods on Growth and Yield of Soybean (Glycine max (L) Merr) in the West Rain Forest Zone of Nigeria. International Journal of Innovative Agriculture and Biology Research, 6(1):18-23.
Chauhan, B. S., Singh R. G. and Mahajan G. (2012) Ecology and management of weeds under conservation agriculture: A review. Crop Protection, 38: 57-65
Chauhan, B. S., and Opena, J. (2013) Implications of plant geometry and weed control options in designing a low-seeding seed-drill for dry seeded rice systems. Field Crops Research 144:225 -231
Daramola, O. S., Adeyemi, O. R., Adigun, J. A. and Adejuyigbe, C. O. (2019) Row spacing and weed management methods influences growth and yield of soya bean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). Agricultura Tropica Et Subtropica, 52(2):59 - 71
Das, T. K. (2008) Weed Science. Basics and Application. New Delhi. Jain brothers. 901 pp
Datta, H. U., Nihat, T., Tosapon, P. S., Knezevic, B. and Singh, C. (2017) Managing weeds using crop competition in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] Crop Protection, 95: 60-68
Dugje I. Y., Omoigui, L. O., Ekeleme, F., Bandyopadhyay, R., Kumar, P. Lava, Kamara, A.Y. (2009) Farmers’ Guide to Soya bean Production in Nigeria. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Ibadan, Nigeria.
FAOSTAT, (2017) Food and Agricultural Organization Annual Report
Hepperly, P. R. (2016). Pendimethalin https://www.researchgate.net/post/why_we_recommend_pendimethalin_30_EC_for_soybean
Imoloame, E. O. (2014) The Effect(s) of different weed control methods on weed infestation, growth and yield of soybeans (Glycine max (L) Merril) in the Southern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria. Agrosearch, 14(2): 129-143
Ishaya, D. B., Tunku, P., Kuchinda, N. C. (2008) Evaluation of some weed control treatments for long season weed control in maize (Zea mays L.) under zero and minimum tillage at Samaru, Nigeria. Crop Protection, 27: 1047-1051
Kandel, H. (2013). Soybean Production. Field Guide for North Dakota and North western Minnesota. North Dakota State University (NDSU) Extension Service publication https://www.ag.ndsu.edu/pubs/plantsci/rowcrops/a1172a.pdf
Khojely, D. M., Ibrahim, S. E., Sepey, E., Han, T. (2018) History, current status and prospects of soybean production and research in Sub-Saharan Africa. The Crop Journal 6:226- 235
Knezevic, S. Z., Evans, S. P., Mainz, M. (2003). Row spacing influences the critical timing for weed removal in soybean (Glycine max). Weed Technology, 17: 666-673
Kolapo, A. I. (2011) Africa’s potential Cinderella food crop, in: N.G. Tzi‑Bun (Ed.), Soybean: Biochemistry, Chemistry and Physiology, In Tech, Rijeka, Croatia, 1: 137–150
Kowal, M. J. and Knabe, D. T. (1972). An Agro-climatological Atlas of the Northern State of Nigeria. Ahmadu Bello University Press, Zaria, Nigeria
Olumide, S. D., Olusegun, R. A., Joseph, A. A. and Adejuyigbe, C. O. (2020) Weed Interference and Control in Soybean as affected by row spacing in the transit Zone of South West Nigeria. Journal of Crop Improvement, 34(1):103-121.
Reddy, T. Y. and Reddi G. H. S. (1992) Principles of Agronomy, Kalyani Publishers, New Delhi, pp 384 - 42
Rajcan, I., Swanton, C.J., (2001) Understanding maize-weed competition: resource
competition, light quality and the whole plant. Field Crops Research, 71: 139-150
Richter, G. L., Zanon, A. J. Streck N. A., Guedes, J.V.C., Kraulich, B., Schmitz M., Winck, J.E.M., and Cera, J.C. (2014) Estimating Leaf Area of Modern Soybean Cultivars by a Non-Destructive Method. Journal Bragantia Campinas, 73(4): 416-425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-4499.0179
Sedaghati, E. and Hokmabadi, H. (2014) Pesticide Residue: Safe Pre-harvest Interval After Cypermethrin Application. Encyclopedia of Food Safety, Vol 3: 331-339
Copyright (c) 2021 FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
FUDMA Journal of Sciences
