A STUDY OF INTESTINAL HELMINTHS OF SWINE FROM CHIKUN AND JEMA’A LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS OF KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2021-0501-682Keywords:
Swine, Helminths, Faecal, Prevalence, Gender, AgeAbstract
A study was conducted between May and August, 2018 to determine the prevalence of intestinal helminths of pigs in Chikun and Jema’a Local Government Areas, Kaduna State. 203 faecal samples were collected, processed and examined under light microscopy. Intestinal helminths recorded were: Ascaris suum (57.1%), Oesophagostomum dentatum (37.0%), Hyostrongylus rubidus (14.8%), Metastrongylus elongates (8.9%), Strongyloides (4.5%), Stepanurus dentatum (2.5%), Trichuris suis(1.5%), Globocephalus urobuslatus (2.0%) and Physocephalus sexalatus (1.5%). The overall prevalence of helminth infection in both LGAs was 71.9%. Pigs in Jema’a LGA had significantly higher prevalence (87.9%) than pigs from Chikun LGA (56.7%). Female pigs had relatively higher (74.4%) infection than male pigs (68.6%). This pattern was also reflected in Chikun LGA where female pigs had a prevalence of 63.9% compared to 46.5% in males, however, the reverse was the case in Jema’a LGA where males had 90.7% prevalence and females 85.7%. In Chikun LGA, the highest prevalence of 58.6% was recorded among pigs aged 25-36 months, followed by pigs aged 5-12 months with prevalence of 57.1%, and the least prevalence of 55.0% was recorded in pigs aged 13-24 months. The prevalence of intestinal helminthosis in pigs tends to decrease with age in Jema’a LGA. The presence of these parasites in pigs examined indicates a potential public health problem in Chikun and Jema’a Local Government Areas of Kaduna state. Enlightenment of pig farmers on the need for periodic veterinary care and restriction of stray pigs through legislation formulation and enforcement are recommended as control measures
References
Adu, I. F., Buvanendran, V and Lakpini. C. A. M. (1979). The Reproductive Performance of Red Sokoto goats in Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge; 93: 563-566.
Amann, R. P. (1970). Sperm production rate in the testis. A. D. Johnson, W. R. Gomes and N. L. Van Demark (Ed) New York, academic press Vol 1: Pp 112-115.
Bianca, W. (1955). The effect of repeated short exposures to heat on volume and hydration of the blood of the calf. British Veterinary Journal, 113, PP 227-241.
Butswat, I. S. and Zahraddeen, D. (1998). Comparisons of some reproductive parameters in Red Sokoto and Kano Brown breeds of bucks. Nigerian Journal of Animal Production, 25 (1): 1-5.
Coulson, P. B., Snell, R. L. and Praise, C. (1980). Short term metabolic effects of the antifertility agent, gossypol, on various reproductive organs of male mice. International Journal of Andrology, 3: 507-518.
FAO. (2012). Food and Agriculture Organization. FAO Statistic retrieved from http://fao.org/site/569 on 13/04/2014.
Gyang, E. O. (1990). Castration in large Animals In: Introduction to Large Animal Surgery Agitab Publishers Ltd. Nigeria pp. 279-292.
Hassan, A. M. (2010). Effect of groundnut haulms supplementation on growth and reproductive performance of Kano Brown bucks. Journal of Animal Science, 36: 551-554.
Igboeli, G. and Rakha, A. M. (2007). Seasonal changes in ejaculate characteristics of Angoni (short-horn) Zebu bulls. Journal of Animal Science, 33: 651-654.
KNARDA. (2001). Kano State Agricultural and Rural Department Authority. Metrological station report book. Page 11 - 13
Lombin, L. (2007). African Agriculture; Nigerian Livestock Population. Retrieved from http:www.africanagricultureblog.com/2007/12/Nigeria-has-16-million-cattle.html.on 12/3/2015.
Malami, B. S., Hicrnaux, P. Y., Tukur, H. M., and Steinbach, J. (2006). Effect of supplementation on feed intake and live weight of Sheep grazing natural range and crop fields of Zamfara reserve in semi-arid Nigeria. Tropical Journal of Animal Science, 9 (2): 107-117.
Marai, I.F. M., El-Darawany, A.A., Fadiel, A and Abdel-Hafez, M.A. (2001). Physiological traits as affected by heat stress in sheep. Small Ruminants Resources review, 71: 1-12.
Marai, I. F. M., Baghat, L. B., Shalaby, T. H. and Abdel-Hafez, M. A. (2007). Fattening performance, some behavioural traits and physiological reactions of male lambs fed concentrates mixture alone with or without natural clay, under hot summer of Egypt, Annals Arid Zone, 39: 449-460.
Nasir, M., Njadda, A. A., and Hassan, A. M. (2014). Testicular histometry, gonadal and extra gonadal sperm reserve of Red Sokoto bucks fed cotton seed cake. Journal of Science, 4: 227-232.
Ngere, L. O., Adu, I. F., and Okobayo, I. O. (1984). The indigenous goat of Nigeria. In FAO/UNEP Animals Genetic Information Technology 1 - 9. FAO; Rome, Italy.
Olofin, E. A. (2007). Some aspect of physical geography of Kano region and related human resources. Departmental Lecture note series Vol. 1 Pp 50, Geography Department, Bayero University, Kano.
Osinowo, O. A., Bale, J. O. and Eduvie, L. O. (1982). Semen quality of Yankasa rams. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 14, 189.
Osuga, I. M., Abdulrazak, S. A., Nishino, N., Ichinohe, T. and Fujihara, T. (2006). Potential nutritive value of selected browse species from Kenya using in vitro gas production techniques and polyethylene glycol. Livestock Research and Rural Development. 18 Article # 171. http/www.irrd.org/irrd18/18/12/osug18171.htm.
Rekwot, P. I., Oyedipe, E. O., Akereiola, O. O., Kumi-Diaka, J. and Umoh, J. E. (1987). The effect of intake on pubertal Bunaji and crossbred bull, Theriogenology, 28. 427-434.
Rekwot, P. I., Oyedipe, E. O., Akerejola, O. O., Kumi-Diaka, J. and umoh, J. E. (1984). The effect of protein intake on the onset of puberty in Bunaji and Friesian x Bunaji crossbred bulls in Nigeria. Theriogenology, (4): 427-434.
SAS Institute Inc. (2002). Statistical Analysis System SAS/STAT. Guided for Personal Computers. Version 9.1 Edition, Cary N.C. USA 967 – 978 Pp.
Sakesena, S. K. and Salmonsen, R. A. (1982): Antifertility effects of gossypol in male hamsters. Fertility and Sterility, 37: 689-690.
Taha, T. A., Shaaban W. F., El-Mahdy, A. R., El-Nouty F. D., Salem, M. H. (2006). Reproductive toxiological effects of gossypol on male rabbits: Semen characteristics and hormonal levels. Journal of Animal Science, 82: 259-269
Tibbo, M. (2006). Reproductivity and health of indigenous sheep breeds and crossbreds in the central Ethipian highland. Ph.D. Dissertation, Swedish University of Agricultural Science, Uppsala, Sweden. Un-published
Valasquez-Pereira, J. P. J. Chenoweth, L. R. McDowell, C. A. Risco, C. A. Staples, D. Prichard, F, G. Martin, M. C. Calhoun, S. N. Williams, S. G. and Wilkinson, N. S. (1998). Reproductive effects of feeding gossypol and Vitamin E to Bulls. Journal of Animal Science, 76: 2894-2904.
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
FUDMA Journal of Sciences