ENVIRONMENTAL AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF BINARY AND TERNARY BLEND RATIOS OF BIODIESEL ON COMPRESSION IGNITION ENGINE
Abstract
Despite the dependable attempts by researchers in the field of sustainable fuels, engines, and emissions, there is a research gap in the area of variations of biodiesel blend ratios with specific fuel consumption of a compression ignition engine as well as the brake thermal efficiency of engines. Therefore, this article has investigated how the blending ratio of biodiesel from jatropha, neem and cotton seeds oil mixed with petrol diesel affects the brake specific fuel consumption of a compression ignition engine and likewise the brake thermal efficiency of the binary and multi-blends of biodiesel with diesel. Three different biodiesel samples were blended with diesel; the biodiesel was achieved through an alkali transesterification reaction. The blending was done for each biodiesel with diesel alone, and that of mixed biodiesel blends with fossil diesel in a definite ratio. The blends were run on a stationary four-cylinder compression ignition engine with an exhaust analyzer to detect CO, NOx, and exhaust temperature ranges. It was recorded that, the combustion of the blends at an engine speed of 1500 rpm, between the Jatropha blend ratios 25 to 30 %, the brake specific fuel consumptions (bsfc) decrease further as against the initial trend shown at 1000 rpm. At 2000 rpm engine speed, the Neem, as well as the mixed biodiesel blends, show entirely different patterns. 25% Jatropha blend gives the best overall performance
References
Ashraful, A. M., Masjuki, H. H., Kalam, M. A., Rizwanul Fattah, I. M., Imtenan, S., Shahir, S. A., & Mobarak, H. M. (2014). Production and comparison of fuel properties, engine performance, and emission characteristics of biodiesel from various non-edible vegetable oils: A review. Energy Conversion and Management, 80, 202–228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2014.01.037
Boehman, A. L., Song, J., & Alam, M. (2005). Impact of biodiesel blending on diesel soot and the regeneration of particulate filters. Energy and Fuels, 19(5), 1857–1864. https://doi.org/10.1021/ef0500585
Chauhan, B. S., Kumar, N., & Cho, H. M. (2012). A study on the performance and emission of a diesel engine fueled with Jatropha biodiesel oil and its blends. Energy, 37(1), 616–622. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2011.10.043
Durbin, T. D., Collins, J. R., Norbeck, J. M., & Smith, M. R. (2000). Effects of biodiesel, biodiesel blends, and a synthetic diesel on emissions from light heavy-duty diesel vehicles. Environmental Science and Technology, 34(3), 349–355. https://doi.org/10.1021/es990543c
Durbin, T. D., & Norbeck, J. M. (2002). Effects of biodiesel blends and arco EC-diesel on emissions from light heavy-duty diesel vehicles. Environmental Science and Technology, 36(8), 1686–1691. https://doi.org/10.1021/es011231o
Ghadikolaei, M. A. (2016). Effect of alcohol blend and fumigation on regulated and unregulated emissions of IC engines - A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 57, 1440–1495. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.128
I. A. Hussain, I. U. Ibrahim, B. A. I. and A. S. A. (2020). Potentials of utilizing biodiesel from cotton seed oil blend with diesel as an alternative to diesel fuel in Nigeria. Arid Zone Journal of Engineering, Technology & Environment, 16(September), 491–500. https://www.azojete.com.ng/index.php/azojete/article/view/290
Ibrahim, I. U., Idris, M., Hussain, I. A., Kaisan, M. U., Ajunwa, I., & Shitu, A. (2020). Investigating the effects of pentanol and biodiesel blends on the performance and emission characteristic of compression ignition engine. Nigerian Journal of Technological Development, 17(4), 278–285. https://doi.org/10.4314/njtd.v17i4.5
Ibrahim, Ibrahim Umar, Kaisan, M. U., Hussain, I. A., Dambatta, Y. S., & Shitu, A. (2020). Recent Research on Water Management Problem in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells : A Brief Review. Jurnal Mekanikal, 43(December), 1–11. https://jurnalmekanikal.utm.my/index.php/jurnalmekanikal/article/view/416
Kaisan, M U, & Pam, G. Y. (2013). Journal of Energy, Environment & Carbon Credits Determination of Engine Performance Parameters of a Stationary Single Cylinder Compression Ignition Engine Run on Biodiesel from Wild Grape Seeds/Diesel Blends. JoEECC, 15–21.
Kaisan, M U, Pam, G. Y., & Kulla, D. M. (2013). Physico-Chemical Properties of Bio-diesel from Wild Grape Seeds Oil and Petro-Diesel Blends. American Journal of Engineering Research, 10, 11–21. www.ajer.org
Kaisan, M U, Sanusi, A., Ibrahim, I. U., & Abubakar, S. (2020). Effect of Butanol and Camphor Blended with Premium Motor Spirit on Performance and Emission of Spark Ignition Engine. June, 77–94.
Kaisan, Muhammad Usman, Yusuf, L. O., Ibrahim, I. U., Abubakar, S., & Narayan, S. (2020). Effects of propanol and camphor blended with gasoline fuel on the performance and emissions of a spark ignition engine. ACS Omega, 5(41), 26454–26462. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.0c02953
Hellier. P., NicosL., Talal, Y. (2015). the influence of straight vegetable oil fatty acid composition on compression ignition combustion and emissions. Fuel.143:131-143.
Prasath, B. R., Leelakrishnan, E., Lokes, N., Suriyan, H,. Guru Prakash, E., Ahmed, K. O. M. (2012). Hydrogen Operated Internal Combustion Engines-A New Generation Fuel. International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advance Engineering. 2(4): 52-57
Qi, D. H., Chen, H., Ghen, L. M., Bian, Y. Z. (2010). Experimental Studies of the combustion characteristics of biodiesel-diesel-methanol blend fuelled engine. Appl. Energy. 87: 1679-1686
Senthilkumar. R. and Sivaprakasam .S. (2013) Performance, combustion and Emission characteristics on DI Diesel Engine using Bio Additive. International.1:(80-85)
Belewu, M. A., Adekola, F. A., Adebayo, G. B., Ameen, O. M., Muhammed, N. O., Olaniyan, A. M. (2010).Physico-chemical characteristics of oil and biodiesel from Nigerian and Indian Jatropha Curcas seeds. Int. J. Bio. Chem. Sci. 4(2): 524-529
Enwerenmadu C.C., Omodolu,C., Mustapha. T.,Rutto, L. (2014). Effects of feedstock-related properties on engine performance of biodiesel from canola and sunflower oils of South African Origin. Journal of Industrial and Mechanical engineering: 15-16
Mofijur, M., Masjuki, H.H. ,Kalam, M.A., Atabani, A.E., Rizwanal Fattah, I.M., Mobarak, H.M. (2014). Comparative evaluation of performance and emission characteristics of MoringaOleifera and palm oil based biodiesel in a diesel engine. Journal of Industrial Crops and Product. 53:78-84
Reyadth, M. (2009). The cultivation of Jatropha curcas in Egypt. Retrieved from http://www.shirkebiofuel.com/jatropha
Tariq, M., Ali, S., Ahmad, F., Ahmad, M., Zafar, M., Khalid, N., Khan, M A.,. (2011). Identification, FT-IR, NMR (1H and 13C) and GC/MS studies of fatty acid methyl esters in biodiesel from rocket seed oil. Fuel Processing Technology. 92: 336–341.
Copyright (c) 2021 FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
FUDMA Journal of Sciences