ANTIFUNGAL EVALUATION OF DICHROSTACHY cinerea (LEAVES AND STEM) EXTRACTS AGAINST SOME DERMATOPHYTES
Keywords:
Antifungal activity, Dichrostachy cinerea, Microsporum canis, Trichophyton terrestre, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton verrucosum
Abstract
This study was carried out to evaluate the antifungal efficacy of Dichrostachys cinerea extracts against some isolates of dermatophytic fungi. The powdered plant materials were extracted via soxhlet extraction technique using methanol, dichloromethane and petroleum ether as extraction solvents. The extracts were subjected to phytochemical screening for qualitative detection of plant secondary metabolites. The extracts were further tested for antifungal activity against human isolates of Microsporum canis, Trichophyton terrestre, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton verrucosum. The results of phytochemical screening showed the presence of some secondary metabolites including; alkaloids, tannins, saponins, glycosides and steroid. Antifungal activity testing indicated that all the extracts were active against the isolates tested with the exception of T. verrucosum. Pet ether extracts showed the least activity as reflected in the zone of inhibition (24 mm at 50 mg/ml), against the isolates compared to methanol (30 mm at 25 mg/ml) and dichloromethane (30 mm at 50 mg/ml) extracts. The findings of this study, indicated that the plant is a potential for the drug candidate for the treatment of dermatophytic diseases and support the claim for their traditional use against skin diseases
References
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Riffle, A. L.F., Medina, V., Steffens, R. C., Santos, D.B and Bizani, A.B, (2002). Invitro antimicrobial activity of a new series of 1, 4-naphthaquinones. Brazilian Journal of Medicine and Biology. Res.35:811-818.
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Vijayalakshmi, K., Periyanayagam (2004) Quantitative microscopy and Invitro anti-dandruff activity of Dichrostachys cinerea. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Scientific Innovation, (5) 448-452.
Ramaraj Vijayakumar, Rajyogananda S Vijayraman, Sudha Rangaea Jan, Anumpma Jyoti Kindo (2016). Incidence and prevalence of Dermatophytosis in and around Chennai, India. International Journal of Residence Medical Sciences Mar; 4(3):695-700.
Wijesundara, D.S.A. (2003). Status of medicinal plants research in Srilanka and plans for inventory and documentation of medicinal plants in Sri Lanka. Paper presented at the Asia Pacific. Medicinal plant research meeting Kuala Lumpur. Malaysia.
Yusha’u, M., Garba, L., and Shamsuddeen, U. (2008). In-vitro Inhibitory activity of garlic and ginger extracts on some respiratory tract isolates of gram-negative organism. International Journal of Biomedical and Health Sciences. Vol 4, No 2, Printed in Nigeria.
Yusha’u, m., Onuorah, F.C., and Murtala, Y. (2009). In-vitro Sensitivity pattern of some Urinary Tract Isolates to Carica papaya extracts. BAJOPAS Volume 2.
Zumbes, H. J., Mavak,J..D., Babalola, O.B., Chinyedu, C., Ekpiwre, D.V, Gokir J. D. and Dabo, A, D. (2015). Research paper: Antibacterial and antidiarrhoeal Activities of Dichrostachys cinerea against some enteric pathogens. International Journal of Science and Research, 4 (II), 2277-8179.
Banso A, and Adeyemo, SO (2007). Evaluation of antimicrobial properties of tannins isolated from Dichrostachys Cinerea. African Journal of Biotechnology., 6(15): 1785-1787.
Bassole, I. N. H, Ouattara, A.S, Nebie, R, Ouattara C. A. T, Kabore, Z. I, and Traore, A.S (2003). Chemical Composition and antimicrobial activities of the essential oils of Lippia and chevalieri Lippia multiflora from Burkina Faso. Phytochemical, 62:209-212.
Ciulci, I. (1994). Methodology for the analysis of vegetable drugs chemical industries branch, Division of industrial operations. Unido, Romania: 24, 26 and 67.
David, G.W. (1989). Antimicrobial chemotherapy oxford mechanical publication pp.91-99.
Demetrio, L; Valle, J. R; Jeamie, I. A; and Windell, L. R, (2015). Asian Journal of Tropical Bio- Medicine. Antibacterial activities of ethanol extracts of Philippine medicinal plants again- St MDR-bacteria.
Ellis, D., Stephen, D., Helen, A., Rosemary, H. and Robyn, B. (2007). Description of Medical Fungi 2ndedition.Published by Authors, Australia, North Adelaide, P84-170.
Erasto, P., Bojase-Moleta, G. and Majinda, R. R. T. (2004). Antimicrobial and antioxidant flavonoids from the roots wood of Bolusanthus spesiosus. Journalof Phytochemical; 65:875-880.
Fatope, M.O. and Hamisu, I. (1997). Screening of higher plants reported as pesticides using brine Shrimp lethality assay. International journal of pharmacognosy 31:250-260.
Gill, L.S. (1992). Ethno medical uses of plants in Nigeria. University of Benin press. Benin City, Nigeria, p. 100.
Hossain, K.M.Hassan, N., Parvin, M., Hasan, S. and Haque, A. (2012) Antimicrobial Cyto-toxic And Thrombocytic activity of Cassia Senna leaves Journal of Applied pharmacognosy. Sciences.
Jagesser R.C., Mars, A. and Gones, G. (2008). Selective anti-microbial properties of leaf extract against various micro-organisms using Disc diffusion and Agar well diffusion method Journal of nature and science Vol 6 (2):24-38,
Kaufman G, Horwitz BA, Duek L, Berdicevsky I. (2007). Infection stages of the dermatophyte pathogen Trichophyton: microscopic characterization and proteolytic enzymes. Medical Mycology, 45:149-155.
Mukhtar, M.D. and Tukur, A. (1999). Invitro screening for activity of Pistiastratiotes extract NISEB journal 1 (1):51-60.
Pacific Island Ecosystem at Risk (Pier), (2005). Dichrostachys cinerea, Australian/New Zealand Weed Risk Assessment adapted for Hawaii, Research directed by C. Dachler with finding from the Kaulunani Urban Forestry Program and US Forest Service.
Polari L V, Tyothi, pi and Sai L K (2015). Clinicomycological Study of Dermatophytosis in South India. Journal of laboratory physicians 7(2):84-89.
Riffle, A. L.F., Medina, V., Steffens, R. C., Santos, D.B and Bizani, A.B, (2002). Invitro antimicrobial activity of a new series of 1, 4-naphthaquinones. Brazilian Journal of Medicine and Biology. Res.35:811-818.
Savoia, D. (2012): Plant-derived antimicrobial compounds; Alternatives to antibiotics. 7:979-990
Simon, B., Lidianys M., and Lewis-Lujan C. (2012). Solvent effects on phytochemical constituents’ profiles and antioxidant activities, using four different extraction Formulation for analysis of Bucidabuceras. BioMedCentral Researchnotes.
Sofowora, E.A. (1993). Medical plant and Traditional Medicine in Africa (2nd edition), spectrum Books limited Pp44-58,210-212.
Vaghasiya, Y., Dave, R. and Chanda, S. (2011). Phytochemical analysis of some medicinal plants from western region of India.Resident.Journal of Medicinal Plant 5:569-576
Van Wyk, B; and Gericke, N, (2003) Peoples plants. Aguide to useful plants of South Africa. Pretoria: Briza publications. ISBN-1-875093095.
Vashka Hurinanthan. (2009). Immune modulatory effect of Dichrostachys cinerea, Carpobrotus dimidiatus, Capparistomentosa and Leonotisleonurus. Durban Uni of Tech South Africa.
Vennaposa, S., Devareddy, S. K., Sumathi, N., and Senthil, K. (2013). Phytochemical and Antimicrobial Evaluations of Dichrostachys cinerea. International Research Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences.4 (1).
Viljoe, A., Van Vuuren, S., Ernst, E., Klepser, M., Demirci, B., Basser, H., and Van Wyk, B.E. (2003) Osmitopsisasteriscoides (Asteraceae)-The antimicrobial and essential oil composition of a Cape Dutch remedy. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 88:137-143
Vijayalakshmi, K., Periyanayagam (2004) Quantitative microscopy and Invitro anti-dandruff activity of Dichrostachys cinerea. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Scientific Innovation, (5) 448-452.
Ramaraj Vijayakumar, Rajyogananda S Vijayraman, Sudha Rangaea Jan, Anumpma Jyoti Kindo (2016). Incidence and prevalence of Dermatophytosis in and around Chennai, India. International Journal of Residence Medical Sciences Mar; 4(3):695-700.
Wijesundara, D.S.A. (2003). Status of medicinal plants research in Srilanka and plans for inventory and documentation of medicinal plants in Sri Lanka. Paper presented at the Asia Pacific. Medicinal plant research meeting Kuala Lumpur. Malaysia.
Yusha’u, M., Garba, L., and Shamsuddeen, U. (2008). In-vitro Inhibitory activity of garlic and ginger extracts on some respiratory tract isolates of gram-negative organism. International Journal of Biomedical and Health Sciences. Vol 4, No 2, Printed in Nigeria.
Yusha’u, m., Onuorah, F.C., and Murtala, Y. (2009). In-vitro Sensitivity pattern of some Urinary Tract Isolates to Carica papaya extracts. BAJOPAS Volume 2.
Zumbes, H. J., Mavak,J..D., Babalola, O.B., Chinyedu, C., Ekpiwre, D.V, Gokir J. D. and Dabo, A, D. (2015). Research paper: Antibacterial and antidiarrhoeal Activities of Dichrostachys cinerea against some enteric pathogens. International Journal of Science and Research, 4 (II), 2277-8179.
Published
2021-07-13
How to Cite
Abdullahi, H. I., & Yusha’u, M. (2021). ANTIFUNGAL EVALUATION OF DICHROSTACHY cinerea (LEAVES AND STEM) EXTRACTS AGAINST SOME DERMATOPHYTES. FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES, 5(2), 489 - 497. https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2021-0502-654
Section
Research Articles
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