EVALUATION OF ETHANOL LEAF EXTRACTS OF SIDA ACUTA AND CHROMOLAENA ODORATA ON INSECT PESTS OF CELOSIA ARGENTEA L. AND AMARANTHUS CRUENTUS L
Abstract
A field experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of leaf extracts of Sida acuta Burm. f. and Chromolaena odorata L. in controlling insect pests of Celosia argentea L. and Amaranthus cruentus L. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design and the treatments were replicated three times. Extracts obtained from the plants at 240 g/L of ethanol were applied as botanical insecticides. These extracts were examined along with a synthetic insecticide (Cypermethrin) including untreated control. Data were collected on number of Cletus spp. and Hymenia recurvalis per plant. Result shows that C. argentea sole treated with S. acuta and C. odorata was not infested by Cletus spp., and significantly (p<0.05) different from A. cruentus and C. argentea intercrop treated with S. acuta and C. odorata at 2 weeks after treatment. C. argentea treated with S. acuta had the least number of H. recurvalis (1.00) which was not significantly (p>0.05) different from Cypermethrin in both sole and intercrop at 4 WAT. A. cruentus and C. argentea planted sole or in intercrop treated with botanical and synthetic insecticides had lower numbers of H. curvalis which were significantly different from untreated control at 8 and 10 WAT. This study showed that S. acuta performed better than C. odorata against the target insect pests and therefore recommended for incorporation into Integrated Pest Management irrespective of whether sole or intercropping was adopted
References
Abbasi, A.M., Khan, M.A., Shah, .M.H., Shah, M.M., Pervez, A. and Ahmad, M. (2013). Ethnobotanical appraisal and cultural values of medicinally important wild edible vegetables of Lesser Himalayas-Pakistan. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 9: 66.
Achigan-Dako, E.G., Sogbohossou, O.E.D. and Maundu, P. (2014). Current knowledge on Amaranthus spp.: research avenues for improved nutritional value and yield in leafy amaranths in sub-Saharan Africa. Euphytical 197: 303-317.
Adeniyi, S.A., Orjiekwe, C.L., Ehiagbonare, J.E. and Arimah, B.D. (2010). Preliminary phytochemical analysis and insecticidal activity of ethanolic eaxtracts of four tropical plants (Vernonia amygdalina, Sida acuta, Ocimum gratissimum and Telfaria occidentalis) against bean weevil (Acanthoscelides obtectus). International Journal of Physical Sciences 5: 753-762.
Aderolu, I. A., Omooloye, A. A and Okelana, F. A. (2013). Occurrence, abundance and control of the major insect pests associated with amaranths in Ibadan, Nigeria. Journal of Entomology, Ornithology & Herpetology, 2: 112-120.
Anjarwalla, P., Belmain, S., Ofori, D.A., Sola, P., Jamnadass, R., Stevenson, P.C. (2016). Handbook on Pesticidal Plants. World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Nairobi, Kenya.
AVRDC (2011). New variety releases expand market options for Tanzania’s farmers. Fresh news from AVRDC-The World vegetable center pp: 1-3.
Babatunde, S. F., Ogunleye, S.T. and Solihu, A. A. (2020). Effects of leave and bark ash of Azadirachta indica extracts against insect pest of Amaranthus hybridus L. International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research. 6(3): 498-509.
Borisade, O.A., Awodele, S.O. and Uwaidem, Y.I. (2019). Insect pest profile of leaf amaranth (Amaranthus hybridus L.) and prevention of herbivory using oil-based extracts of Allium sativum L., Xylopia aethiopica Dunal and Eucalyptus globolus L. International Journa of Plant & Soil Science. 28(6): 1-9.
Deepti Malhotra, Amir Khan and Fouzia Ishaq (2013). Phytochemical screening and antibacterial effect of root extract of Boerhavia diffusa L. (Family Nyctaginaceae). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 5(1), 221-225. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v5i1.310
Directorate Plant Protection (2010). Amaranthus production guidelines. Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, South Africa. 24.
Ezena, G.N., Akotsen-Mensah, C. and Fening, K.O. (2016). Insecticidal potential of the invasive Siam weed Chromolaena odorata L. (Asteraceae) in the management of the major pests of cabbage and their natural enemies in southern Ghana. Advances in Crop Science and Technology 4: 230.
Gadewad, M. G. and Paedeshi, A. (2017). Insecticidal effect of chrysanthemum indicum against red cotton bug, Dysdercus cingulatus Fab. International Journal of Recent Science Research 8(12): 22380-22383.
Gadewad, M. G. and Paedeshi, A. (2018). Bioinsecticidal effect of Sida acuta plant extract against red cotton bug, Dysdercus cingulatus Fab. International Journal of Zoology Studies 3(1): 177-181.
Gotor, E. and Irungu, C. (2010). The impact of Biodiversity International`s African leafy vegetables programme in Kenya. Impact Assess Project Apprais 28(1): 41-55.
Govindarajan, M. (2010). Larvicidal and repellent activities of Sida acuta Burm. F. (Family: Malvaceae) against three important vector mosquitoes. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 3(9): 691–695.
Kwaifa, N.M., Ibrahim, N.D., Dike, M.C. and Abubakar, M.G. (2012). Bioefficacy of neem and mahogany extracts for control of cowpea flower thrips, Megalurothrips sjostedti Trybom (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and grasshopper, Ailopus simulatrix Walker (Orthoptera: Pyrgomorphidae) in Sudan Savanna, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Entomology 29: 31-42.
Marin, D.I., Babeanu, N.E. and Popa, O. (2008). Biodiversity conservation by promoting alternative crops. Proceeding of the International Symposium on New Research in Biotechnology, Series F, USAMV Bucharest.
Narasimhar, A., Kadarkarai, M., Pari, M., Thiyagarajan, N., Arjunan, N., Kandasamy, K., Jiang-Shiou, H., Donald, R., Barnard, Hui, W.R. and Chandrasekar, A.A. (2014). Effect of Sida acuta and Vetiveriazi zanioides against the malarial vector, Anopheles stephensi and malarial parasite, Plasmodium beraheli. International Journal of Pure and Applied Zoology 2(1): 51-60.
Nneji, E.T., Uddin II, R.O. and Musa, A.K. (2020). Effects of Boerhavia diffusa L. nom. cons. and Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M. King & H. Rob. extracts on some field insect pests of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench.) Acta Agriculturae Slovenica. 115(1): 133-139.
Sanz-Penella, J.M., Laparra, J.M., Sanz, Y. and Haros, M. (2012). Bread supplemented with amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus): effect of phytates on in-vitro iron absorption. Plant Foods Human Nutrition 67(1): 50-56.
Seni, A. (2018). Insect pests of amaranthus and their management. International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology (IJEAB) 3(3): 1100-1103.
Srivastava, R. (2011). Nutritional quality of some cultivated and wild species of Amaranthus L. International Journal of Phamaceutical Science and Research 2: 3152–3156.
Uusikua, N. P., A. Oelofsea, K. G. Duodub, M. J. Besterc & M. Faberd. (2010). Nutritional value of leafy vegetables of sub-Saharan Africa and their potential contribution to human health: A review. In: Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 23: 499–509.
Wahab, O. M. and Akinterinwa, O. (2015). Phytochemical evaluation of the insecticidal potential of some ethnobotanicals against bean weevil (Acanthscelides obtectus). African Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 7(6): 298–302
Copyright (c) 2021 FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
FUDMA Journal of Sciences
