EFFECTS OF PARA-DICHLOROBENZENE AND SODIUM AZIDE ON GERMINATION AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF SESAME ( Sesamum indicum L.)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Sesame is an important source of income and edible oil particularly in sub-saharan Africa. Its cultivation is constrains by many factors including lack of improved varietiess, pests and disease and abiotic stresses. Creating genetic variability could provide a base upon which improvement could made. This research was carried out to evaluate the effect of Sodium Azide and Para-dichlorobenzene on Germination and Seedlings growth of three sesame varieties (Ex-sudan, E-8 and JAN-IRI). Pot experiments were conducted during 2017 and 2018 seasons using completely randomized design (CRD). The treated seeds were planted and resulting plants (M0) were allowed to produce seeds. The seeds of the M0 were used in generating M1 plants which were used to evaluate the effect of the mutagens. Few days to germination were recorded in seeds treated with 3.0 mM So dium azide (3.0 days) or 3.0 mM Para-dichlorobenzene (3.0 days) in EX-SUDAN as well as seeds treated with 3.0 mM Sodium azide (3.0 days) in E-8. Percentage germination was significantly increased The highest shoot length was obtained when EX-SUDAN was treated with 2.0 mM (19.3cm) or 3.0 mM Sodium azide (18.2cm while highest root length was obtained when JAN-IRI and EX-SUDAN were treated with either 1.0 mM Para-dichlorobenzene (4.2cm) or 3.0 mM Sodium azide (3.8cm). The mutagens (Sodium azide and Para-dichlorobenzene) could be used to create variability for genetic improvement of Sesame.
References
REFERENCES:
Abou Dahab, A. M., Tarek, A. A., Amaal, A. M., Heika, L. S., Taha, A. M. M., Gabr, S. A., M. and Awalef, I.A.R., (2017). Propagation and Chemical Mutagenic Induction of Eustoma grandiflorum Plant Using Tissue Culture Techniques. Asian Journal of Applied Science and Technology (AJAST). Vol. 1, Issue 9, Pp 496- 511.
Abraham Birara, Manikandan Muthuswamy and Mebeasillassie Andargie, (2013). Effect of Chemical Mutation by Sodium Azide on Quantitative Traits Variation in Sesamum indicum L. Asian Journal of Biological Sciences 6 (8): 356-362.
Adamu, A. K. (2004). Gamma-Rays and Thermal Neutrons Induced Mutants in Popcorn (Zea mays). Nigerian Journal of Scientific Research, 4, 52-63.
Adelanwa, M.A, Habeeb, M.I., Adelanwa., E.B. (2011), Morphological Studies on the Effect of Colchicines and Para-dichlorobenzene on Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum). Journal of Environmental Issues and Agriculture in Developing Countries. Volume 3, No. 2 August 2011.
Ahloowalia, B. S. and Maluszynski, M. (2001). Induced mutation : A New Paradigm in Plant Breeding. Eucalytica, 118, 167-173.
AParna, Sadhanakumari and Snehalatha, R., (2013). Oil and Protein Quality of the Selected Groundnut Varieties. Journal of Oil seeds Res., 15: 339 - 342.
Ashish, R., Nandkishor, H.R. and Prashant W. (2011). Effect of Sodium Azide and Gamma rays Treatments on Percentage Germination, Survival, Morphological Variation and Chlorophyll Mutation in Okra (Abelmoschus moschatus L.). International Journal of Pharmacy. Pharmaceutical. Sciences. 3:5.
Benshoshan M, Harrington D.W., Soller L. (2010). A population based Study on Pea nut and Sesame Allergy prevalence in Canada. The Journal of allergy and clinical Immunology, 125(6) 13:27-35.
Carey, M. A. and Mc Donough, E. S. (2014). The production of polyploidy in Allium with para-dichlorobenzene. Journal of Heredity, 34: 238-40.
Damain G., Iwona S. and Maluszynski M., (2012): Plant Mutation Breeding and Biotechnology. Pp.159-166.
Hunger K. and Herbst W., (2012) "Pigments, Organic" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry.
Kharkwal MC, Shu QY (2010). The role of induced mutations in world food security. Induced Plant Mutations in the Genomics Era. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome pp. 33-38.
Komivi Dossa, Diaga Diouf, Linhai Wang, Xin Wei, Yanxin Zhang, Mareme Niang, Daniel Fonceka, Jingyin Yu, Marie A. Mmadi, Louis W. Yehouessi, Boshou Liao, Xiurong Zhang and Ndiaga Cisse (2017). The Emerging Oilseed Crop Sesamum indicum Enters the “Omics†Era. Journal of Plant Science. Pp 12- 14.
Mensah, J. K., and B. Obadoni (2007) Effects of Sodium azide on Yield Parameters of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). African Journal of Biotechnology. Volume 6 (6), Pp. 668-671.
Mensah, J.K., B.O. Obadoni, P.A. Akomeah, B. Ikhajiagbe and J. Ajibolu, (2005). The Effects of Sodium Azide and Colchicine Treatments on Morphological and yield traits of sesame seed (Sesame indicum L.). African Journal of Biotechnogy, 6: 534-538.
NAERLS (2010). Beniseed Production and Utiluisation in Nigeria. ExtentionBulletin No.154 , Horticulture Series, No. 5. Available: www.naeris .gov.ng / extmat / bulletins / /Benniseed.
Olaolorun, B. M., Shimelis, H. A., Mathew, I., Laing, M. D., (2019). Optimising the dosage of ethylmethanesulphonate mutagenesis in selected wheat genotypes. South African Journal of Plant and Soil, Volume 36, 357-366 doi: 10.1080/02571862.2019.1610808
Rekha, K. and A. Lannger, (2007). Induction and Assessment of Morpho-Biochemical Mutants in Artemisia pallens, Sesamum indicum. Genetic Resource Crop. Volume 54: 437-443.
Vijayata and Navnath (2015). Variability and Correlation Studies in Groundnut. Crop Research., 21: 81-83.
Copyright (c) 2021 FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
FUDMA Journal of Sciences
