DELINEATION OF GROUNDWATER POTENTIAL ZONES IN KADUNA METROPOLIS, NIGERIA
Abstract
The scarcity of potable surface water in the Kaduna metropolis has resulted in a high dependence on reliable fresh groundwater. This has led to an increasing drilling of boreholes some of which have failed due to poor groundwater prospecting before drilling. The main aim of this study is to delineate the groundwater potential zones in Kaduna metropolis. The factors considered for this were lineament, drainage, elevation, slope, rainfall, soil, land use/ land cover and geology. Thematic maps for each of these factors were generated and the Analytical Hierarchical Process (AHP) was used to weight the various factors according to their influence on the occurrence of groundwater in the study area. The weighted index overlay was carried out and the groundwater potential map produced was classified into; very low, low, moderate and high groundwater potential zones covering 29.4%, 36.13%, 25.55% and 8.88% of the study area respectively. The results showed that lineament density and drainage density with weight percentages of 27% and 22% respectively were the major contributing factors towards the occurrence of groundwater in the study area. Rainfall and land use/ land cover with 4% each were the least contributing factors. The high groundwater potential zone was spread all round the study area but occurred mostly in the northern part of Kaduna metropolis. It was seen that the northern part of the metropolis had the best groundwater potential and would be the most suitable location for the exploitation of potable water for urban use
References
Ali, Q.S.W., Lal D. and Ahsan, J. (2015). Assessment of groundwater potential zones in Allahabad district using remote sensing & GIS techniques. International Journal of Applied Research, 1(13): 586-591
Aliyu, H. I. and Suleiman, Z. A. (2016). Flood Menace in Kaduna Metropolis: Impacts, Remedial and Management Strategies. Science World Journal 11(2), 1597-6343. Retrieved from www.scienceworldjournal.org on 25 March 2018.
Dodo, N.A (2008).Levels and Differentials of Youth Unemployment in Kaduna South LGA of Kaduna State. Kaduna. Unpublished MSc. Project from ABU Zaria
Fashae, O. A., Tijani, M. N., Talabi, A. O. and Adedeji, O. I. (2014). Delineation of Groundwater Potential Zones in the Crystalline Basement Terrain of SW-Nigeria: An Integrated GIS and Remote Sensing Approach. Applied Water Science, 4: 19-38.DOI 10.1007/s13201-013-0127-9.
Hameeteman, E. (2013). Future Water (In) Security: Facts, Figures and Predictions. Global Water Institute. 2013 Retrieved from https://img1.wsimg.com on 14 January 2019
Jha M.K., Chowdhury, A., Chowdary, V.M. and Peiffer, S. (2007). Groundwater management and development by integrated remote sensing and geographic information systems: prospects and constraints, Water Resource Management, 21: 427–467, DOI 10.1007/s11269-006-9024-4.
Kaduna state Government. (2013). State Development Plan 2014-2018. Ministry of Economic Planning.
Mangey, J. A. (2017). Assessment of Groundwater Potential in Lamurde Basin, Taraba State. Unpublished M.Sc. Thesis, University of Jos, Jos.
Mohammed A. A. and Aliyu, D. (2014). Urban Vegetation Study of Kaduna Metropolis Using GIS and Remotely Sensed Data. Journal of Natural Sciences Research, 4(2) 2225-0921available at www.iiste.org .
Ndabula, C., Averik, P. D., Jidauna, G.G., Abaje, I.B, Oyatayo, T. K., and Iguisi, E. O. (2013). Analysis of the Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Landuse/ Landcover Stuctures in the Kaduna Innercore City Region, Nigeria. American Journal of Environmental Protection. 1( 4): 112-119.
Ndabula, C. (2006). Assessment of Landuse/Landcover Changes in Kaduna Metropolitan Area using Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System. Unpublished Msc. Thesis, Department of Geography, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria Nigeria
Ndatuwong, L. G and Yadev, G. S (2014). Integration of Hydrogeological factors for identification of Groundwater Potential zones using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques. Journal of Geosciences and Geomatics. 2(1): 2-7.
Nyam Jim , L.G. (2016). Location Analysis and Creation of Geo-Database for Public Secondary Schools in Kaduna Education Zone, Kaduna State, Nigeria.
Oke, S. A. and Aladejana, J. A. (2012). Assessment of Shallow Groundwater Quality for Irrigation Purpose in Basement Complex Terrain of Southwestern Nigeria. Special Publication of Nigerian Association of Hydrological Sciences, 1: 158-171.
Olaniyan, I.O., Agunwamba, J.C., and Ademiluyi, J.O. (2010). Lithologic Characteristics of Parts of the Crystalline Basement Complex of Northern Nigeria in Relation to Groundwater Exploitation. ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 5(7): 1819-6608 Retrieved from www.arpnjournals.com 25 March 2018.
Olaniyan, I.O. and Olorunnaiye, E.S. (2013). Investigation of Groundwater Resources of Rafin Guza Area of Kaduna, Nigeria Using Resistivity Method. International Journal of Engineering and Innovative Technology (IJEIT), 2 (9), 2277-3754 Retrieved from www.ijeit.com/vol%202/Issue%209/IJEIT1412201303_41.pdf on 5 September 2018.
Prasad, R.K., Mondal, N.C., Banerjee, P., Nandakumar, M.V., and Singh, V. S. (2008). Deciphering Potential Groundwater Zone in Hard Rock Through the Application of GIS. Environmental Geolology 55:467–475.
Sander, P. (2007). Lineaments in Groundwater Exploration: A Review of Applications and Limitations. Hydrog. J. 15(1): 71-74
Shaban, A., Khawlie, M. and Abdallah, C. (2006). Use of remote sensing and GIS to determine recharge potential zones: the case of Occidental Lebanon. Hydrogeology Journal. 14(4): 433-443
Suryabhagavan, K.V. (2017). Application of remote sensing and GIS for groundwater potential zones identification in Bata river basin, Himachal Pradesh, India. Indian Society of Geomatics, 11(1) Retrieved on https://isgindia.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/010.pdf on 6 September 2018.
The Groundwater Foundation. (2018). What is Groundwater. Retrieved from https://www.ground water.org/get-informed/basics/whatis.html on 14 May 2018.
Yeh, H., Cheng Y., Lin, H. and Lee, C. (2016). Mapping groundwater recharge potential zone using a GIS approach in Hualian River, Taiwan. Sustainable Environment Research Journal, 26 33-43
Yusuf, Y.O. and Oladipo, E.O. (2012). An assessment of the problems and prospects of domestic water supply in Zaria city, Zaria, Kaduna state. Ife research publications in journals, 11(1), 0795-073.
FUDMA Journal of Sciences
