PERFORMANCE OF FATTENING BUNAJI BULLS FED DIETS CONTAINING GRADED LEVEL OF PALM KERNEL CAKE

Authors

Keywords:

Bunaji bulls, Palm Kernel Cake, Partial budget, Weight gain

Abstract

 A fattening trial was conducted for 90 days using 20 Bunaji bulls with a live weight range of 190-200kg and aged 2-2.5 years to determine fattening performance. The bulls were fed diets containing varying levels of palm Kernel cake (PKC). Four bulls per treatment were allotted to 5 dietary treatments in Completely Randomised Design. Concentrate and basal diets of Digitaria smutsii were offered at 2% body weight. The data collected from the experiment were analysed using General Linear Model Procedure of SAS, (2002) The crude protein contents of the experimental diets varied between 15.63 and 20.31% while ME ranged from 11.75 to 11.78MJ/kg DM. The crude fibre varied from 13.92 to 23.31%. Average feed intake ranged between 8.67-9.11Kg/day with animals on 10, 20 and 40% PKC showed significant (P<0.05) difference across the treatments. Average daily weight gain was highest (1.33kg) for animal on 10% PKC followed by (1.31kg) on 30% PKC inclusion. No significant differences (P>0.05) was observed in average weight gain for animals on diets containing 0 20 and 40% PKC inclusions. All the experimental bulls attained an average weight gain of between 1.13Kg to 1.33Kg. Cost per Kg gain was highest at 0% PKC inclusion and lowest at 40% PKC. Net benefit (NB) and value of weight gain (VWG) were significantly (P<0.05) higher for bulls on 10 and 30% PKC inclusion. There was positive net benefit and Return to Investment (ROI) on feed across treatments. The inclusion of PKC lead to reduction in feed 

Dimensions

Ajayi, A. F., Ojebiyi, O. O., Farinu, G. O., and Olayeni, T. B. (2007). Performance Evaluation of Male Weaner Rabbits Fed Diets Containing Graded Levels of Blood-Wild Sunflower Leaf Meal Mixture. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 3(2), 250–255.

Alderman, G., and Cottrill, B. R. (1985). Energy and protein requirements of ruminants. An advisory manual prepared by the AFRC Technical Committee on Responses to Nutrients. (p. 183). CAB International.

Alimi, T., and Mangong. (2010). Partial Budget Analysis for on-Farm Research. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Research Guide., 65, 1–52.

AOAC. (2000). Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Official Methods of Analysis. (Vol. 1).

Bamigboye, F. O., Babayemi, O. J., and Adekoya, A. E. (2013). Feed Resources and Seasonal Nutrient Composition of Predominant Forages for Small Ruminant Production in Iwo Local Government Area of Osun state , Nigeria. 3(17), 15–25.

Carvalho, L. P.F, Cabrita, A. R. J., Dewhurst, R. J., Vicente, T. E. J., Lopes, Z. M. C., and Fonseca, A. J. M. (2006). Evaluation of palm kernel meal and corn distillers grains in corn silage-based diets for lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 89(7), 2705–2715. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(06)72346-3

Chamatata, B. A. (1996). Evaluation of cotton seed hulls as dry season roughage source of ruminants. MSc Dissertation, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania. (p. 111).

Dunnett, C. W. (1955). “A multiple comparison procedure for comparing several treatments with a controlâ€. Journal of American Statistical Association., 50, 1096–1121.

Emmans, G. C. (1997). A method to predict the food intake of domestic animals from birth to maturity as a function of time. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 186, 189 – 199.

Fernandez-Rivera, S., Midou, A., and Marichatou, H. (1994). Effect of food allowance on diet selectivity and intake of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) stover leaves by sheep. Animal Production, 58, 249 – 25.

Google earth. (2017). Google earth positioning system for geographical Description.

Goska, D. Y., Kibon, A., Alawa, C. B. I., Lamidi, O. S., Madziga, I. I., Alphunsus, C., and Mbahi, T. F. (2016). Nutrient utilization by Bunaji bulls Fattened on varying inclusion levels of Groundnut haulms and Maize offal in feedlot. Journal of Animal Production Research, 28, 135–143.

Hutagulung, R. I., and M.D. Mahyuddin. (1985). Nutritive values and feeding systems on palm kernel cake and palm press fibre for ruminants. Proceedings of the 3rd Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies, Volume 2, May 6-10, 1985, Seoul, Korea. 983-985.

IAR. (2017). Institute of Agricultural Research Meteorological Station. Data on Shika Weather Condition, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.

Idowu, O. O. (2011). Comparative Evaluation of some cereal by- product as energy source for fattening beef cattle. Msc Thesis: Department of Animal Science, faculty of Agriculture, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.

Jelan, Z. A., Ishak, Y. and Yaakub, T. (1991). Feedlotting of cattle on palm kernel cake in small holder farming system. Proceedings 14th Annual Conference Malaysian Society for Animal Production. Feedlotting of Cattle on Palm Kernel Cake in Small Holder Farming System. Proceedings 14th Annual Conference Malaysian Society for Animal, 99-102.

Lamidi, O. S. (2005). The use of some conventional non protein sources for fattening cattle. Ph.D. Thesis. ,. Pp 67 (Issue November). Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.

Lamidi, O. S., Adamu, A. M., Ehoche, O. W., and Alawa, J. P. (2007). Replacement value of Sun-dried broiler litter for cotton seed cake in the fattening diets for Bunaji bulls. Journal of Animal Production Research, 20(1&2), 99-112.

Luziga. (2005). Feedlot Project. Annual research report from July 2004 to September 2005. (p. 25).

Madziga, I. I., C.B.I., A., O.S., L., Goska, D. Y., and Adesote., A. . (2013). Feedlot Assessment of Four Indigenous Breeds of Cattle on in Nigeria. International Journal of Life Science and Medical Research, 3(1), 35–38. https://doi.org/10.5963/lsmr0301006

Mawona, G. F. (2010). (2010). Performance of beef cattle under different feedlot practices in Mwanza Region. MSc Dissertation, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania. (p. 123).

McDonald, P., Edwards, R. A., Greenhalgh, J. F. D., & Morgan, C. A. (2002). Animal nutrition. Nature, 111(2793), 651. https://doi.org/10.1038/111651a0

Meissner, H. H., Smuts, M., & Coertze, R. J. (2006). Characteristics and efficiency of fast-growing feedlot steers fed different dietary energy concentrations. Journal of Animal Science, 73(4), 931–936. https://doi.org/10.2527/1995.734931x

Mwilawa A .J .T. (2012). Effects of different diets on weight gain, carcass and meat quality characteristics of two indigenous cattle in Tanzania. PhD Thesis submitted to the Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania. (p. 341).

NRC. (2000). National Research Council, Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle. In Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle. https://doi.org/10.17226/9791

Onwuka, C. F. I., Isah, O. A., Oni, A. O., & Aderinboye, R. Y. . (2014). Ruminant Animal Nutrition Ann 503 By.

Pickard, M. D. (2005). By-products utilization. In: Bailey’s industrial oil products. (F. (Ed). Shahidi (ed.); 6th Editio). Wiley-Interscience. http://eu.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-0471384607.html

Rutherglen, D. C. (1995). Energy and Protien Requirements of Beef cattle.

Sani, R. ., Lamidi, O. S., and Jokhtan, G. . (2015). Manure Production By Yankasa Sheep Grazing Natural Pastures in. Journal of Animal Production Research, January 2015, 176–183.

Sani, R. T. (2014). Evaluation of Raw or Parboiled Rice Offal as energy source in fattening Bunaji Bulls. Msc Thesis: Department of Animal Science, faculty of Agriculture, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.

SAS. (2002). Statistical Analyses System. SAS Institute Inc. (pp. 967-978.).

Van Soest, J. P. (1991). The use of detergents in the analysis of fibrous feeds. Determination of plant constituents. Journal of Association of Agricultural Chemistry., 50, 50-55.

Vecchiettini, M. ., Giardini, A. and. (2000). Cattle fattening : The Italian example. 138, 133–138.

Wan Zahari, M., and Alimon, A. (2003). Use of Palm Kernel Cake and Oil Palm By-Products in Compound Feed Use of Palm Kernel Cake and Oil Palm By-Products in Compound Feed. Palm Oil Developments, 40(July), 5–9.

Yusuf, M. (2016). Evaluation Of Brewers’ Dried Grain on the Performance of Bunaji Yearling Bulls raised under intensive system. Msc Thesis: Department of Animal Science, faculty of Agriculture, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria.

Published

25-06-2021

How to Cite

PERFORMANCE OF FATTENING BUNAJI BULLS FED DIETS CONTAINING GRADED LEVEL OF PALM KERNEL CAKE. (2021). FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES, 5(1), 112-117. https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2021-0501-543

Issue

Vol. 5 No. 1 (2021): FUDMA Journal of Sciences - Vol. 5 No. 1

Section

Research Articles
Copyright & Licensing

FUDMA Journal of Sciences

How to Cite

PERFORMANCE OF FATTENING BUNAJI BULLS FED DIETS CONTAINING GRADED LEVEL OF PALM KERNEL CAKE. (2021). FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES, 5(1), 112-117. https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2021-0501-543

Most read articles by the same author(s)