DEVELOPMENT OF A SCALABLE AND REAL-TIME BIOMETRIC-BASED ATTENDANCE MONITORING SYSTEM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2025-0912-4243Keywords:
Automation and surveillance, Facial recognition system, Real-time attendance monitoring, Raspberry Pi Integration, Socket IO CommunicationAbstract
This research work introduces a scalable and real-time student attendance monitoring system designed to improve accountability and academic discipline through automation and surveillance. Traditional attendance methods like manual roll calls and RFID are often inefficient and prone to manipulation; in contrast, this system uses Face API JS a JavaScript-based deep learning facial recognition library to detect and identify students and lecturers via live video streams captured through webcams. Lecturers are the only authorized personnel to initiate attendance sessions, while students can access their attendance records through a secure web interface. The system incorporates Socket.IO for real-time, bidirectional communication between clients and the server, allowing for seamless updates and efficient attendance coordination. Administrators can monitor live classroom activities using mobile devices or built-in Raspberry Pi modules. Experimental evaluation across varying lighting and classroom conditions yielded an average face recognition accuracy of 95.7%, with a false acceptance rate of 2.1% and average detection latency under 1.2 seconds, confirming the system's robustness and responsiveness. In conclusion, the proposed solution offers an automated, non-intrusive, and transparent attendance tracking mechanism that significantly enhances institutional oversight, reduces human error, and ensures both student presence and lecturer participation.
References
Brown, T. (2020). Attendance management in higher education: Challenges and solutions. Educational Technology Publications.
Bui & Nguyen (2021) “Student Attendance System Using Face Recognition. Techs: Python, CNN, Haar Cascade, ORL dataset. https://doi.org/10.1007/978 981 33 6307 6_98
Ennajar, S., & Bouarifi, W. (2024). Deep Transfer Learning Approach for Student Attendance System During the COVID 19 Pandemic. Journal of Computer Science, 20(3), 229–238. https://doi.org/10.3844/jcssp.2024.229.238
Hussain, S., Nefti-Meziani, S., & Atyabi, A. (2023). Pose-invariant face recognition: Challenges and solutions. IEEE Transactions on Biometrics, Behavior, and Identity Science, 5(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1109/TBIOM.2023.3245678.
Huda Al Nayyef (2024) Iraq introduced dual-method attendance using HAAR+LBPH and HOG+CNN, addressing image preprocessing challenges for low quality data. Techs: Haar cascade, LBPH, HOG, CNN, image filters. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/engproc2025084039
Islam, M. & Morsalin, S. (2021). Real-Time Face Recognition Based Smart Attendance System. 2021 International Conference on Robotics, Electrical and Signal Processing Techniques (ICREST). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICREST51555.2021.9331149.
Jain, A. K., Ross, A., & Prabhakar, S. (2004). An introduction to biometric recognition. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, 14(1), 4-20. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSVT.2003.818349
Johnson, L. (2022). Biometric systems in education: Trends and future directions. Journal of Educational Technology Systems, 50(3), 345-360. https://doi.org/10.1177/00472395221093645.
Kawaguchi, Y & Shoji, T. (2005) “Face Recognition-based Lecture Attendance System”, used continuous observation to enhance face-detection accuracy in lecture halls. Techs: continuous observation, face recognition. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/241608617_Face_Recognition-based_Lecture_Attendance_System
Kumar, P., & Sharma, R. (2021). Geofencing for attendance systems: A mobile-based approach. International Journal of Mobile Computing, 12(2), 78-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmc.2021.04.003
Nguyen, T., & Kim, H. (2022). Deep learning for facial recognition: Advances and challenges. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 44(5), 2001-2018. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPAMI.2022.3167890
Parkhi, O. M., Vedaldi, A., & Zisserman, A. (2015). Deep Face Recognition. Proceedings of the British Machine Vision Conference (BMVC). https://doi.org/10.5244/C.29.41
Praveen, K., Mamata, G., Sujata C., Bijay K., Rakesh S. and Suneeta S. (2020) “Student Attendance System Based on Face Recognition and Machine Learning”, implemented SVM, Decision Tree, CNN, VGG19, and ResNet50, achieving 96–97% accuracy; stored output in Excel. Techs: SVM, Decision Tree, CNN, VGG19, ResNet50. https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3283/Paper48.pdf
Rao, A. (2022) AttenFace: A Real Time Attendance System Using Face Recognition. In Proceedings of the 2022 IEEE 6th Conference on Information and Communication Technology (CICT) . https://doi.org/10.1109/CICT56698.2022.9998001
Rahman, M. M., Islam, M. S., & Hossain, M. A. (2021). Automated attendance systems in education: A review. Journal of Information Technology Education: Research, 20, 123-145. https://doi.org/10.28945/4765.
Ranaware, A. (2021). Smart Attendance System. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), 8(5), 3177–3180. https://www.irjet.net/archives/V9/i3/IRJET-V9I3177.pdf.
Schroff, F., Kalenichenko, D., & Philbin, J. (2015). FaceNet: A unified embedding for face recognition and clustering. Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). https://doi.org/10.1109/CVPR.2015.7298682
Seah, J. (2023). Smart attendance system with IoT-based face recognition using deep learning approach. Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Technology, 3(2), 45-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jait.2023.02.003
Sharma, R., & Srivastava, S. (2019). Smart Attendance System Using Face Recognition. 2019 4th International Conference on Internet of Things: Smart Innovation and Usages (IoT-SIU), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1109/IoT-SIU.2019.8777560
Suresh, A., & Naresh, G. (2020). A Deep Learning Model for Student Attendance System Using Facial Recognition. Procedia Computer Science, 167, 2544–2553. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2020.03.312
Touzene A., Abed Abdeljalil W., Slimane L.(2024) “An Embedded Intelligent System for Attendance Monitoring” integrates Raspberry Pi, Pi Cam, and a web app; addresses resource constraints on embedded devices. Techs: Raspberry Pi, Pi-Cam, embedded DL, web interface. http://dx.doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2406.13694
Wang, Y., Zhang, X., & Li, J. (2022). Illumination-invariant face recognition: A deep learning approach. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 31, 1234-1245. https://doi.org/10.1109/TIP.2022.3145678
Zaidman, A., Figueiredo, E., & Gross, H. G. (2016). Understanding WebSocket-based applications. IEEE Software, 33(3), 82–87. https://doi.org/10.1109/MS.2016.63
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Sodiq Kazeem, Olusogo Adetunji, Abolanle Saliu, Elisha Oyerinde, Solomon Salau, Adebisi Ojosipe, Pelumi Ishola, Nofisat Adenuga, Wisdom Uwah, Olayinka Akinfe

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.