FUNCTIONAL POTENTIAL OF PROSOPIS AFRICANA WHOLE FRUIT: INSIGHTS INTO ANTIOXIDANT, ANTIDIABETIC, AND IMMUNOMODULATING ACTIVITIES

Authors

  • Kayode Salawu
    Department of Pharmacognosy and Drug Development, University of Ilorin, Nigeria
  • Quadri Olayinka Balogun
    Department of Pharmacognosy and Drug Development, University of Ilorin
  • Oluwatoyosi Olatoun Salawu
    Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Ilorin
  • Muhammad Aamer
    cH.E.J Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), Karachi, Pakistan
  • Nuzhat Shehla
    cH.E.J Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), Karachi, Pakistan
  • Yan Wang
    dKey Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi, Normal University, Guilin 541004, China.
  • Olutosin Alarape Adegboye
    Department of pathology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Sciences, College of Health sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State.

Keywords:

Prosopis africana, antioxidant, a-glucosidase Inhibition, ROS, Immunomodulation, immunomodulation, plant-based therapy

Abstract

The global rise in chronic conditions such as diabetes, immune dysfunction, and oxidative stress-related disorders has intensified the search for multifunctional plant-based remedies. This study evaluated the antioxidant, α-glucosidase inhibitory, and immunomodulatory properties of the whole fruit extract and fractions of Prosopis africana. Whole fruits were extracted with 70% methanol and fractionated into hexane (PAF-1), dichloromethane (PAF-2), ethyl acetate (PAF-3), and aqueous (PAF-4) components. Antioxidant activity was assessed via DPPH radical scavenging. α-Glucosidase inhibition was analysed through enzyme kinetics using acarbose as a standard. Immunomodulatory effects were evaluated by measuring ROS inhibition in stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). All extracts exhibited dose-dependent antioxidant activity. PAF-1 and PAF-2 demonstrated strong radical scavenging capacities with IC₅₀ values of 0.23±0.02 and 0.259±0.01 µg/mL, respectively, significantly lower than gallic acid (22.1±1.85 µg/mL). PAF-1 showed the most potent α-glucosidase inhibition (IC₅₀ = 44.83±1.09 µg/mL), surpassing acarbose (IC₅₀ = 377.75±1.34 µg/mL), while PAF-2 showed the highest ROS inhibition (44.7%) in PBMCs, although lower than ibuprofen (73.2%). P. africana whole fruit exhibits significant multifunctional bioactivities, validating traditional claims and highlighting its potential as a source of nutraceutical or phytopharmaceutical agents for managing chronic diseases.

Dimensions

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Published

10-11-2025

How to Cite

Salawu, K., Balogun , Q. . O., Salawu, O. O. ., Aamer, M., Shehla, N., Wang, Y., & Adegboye, O. A. . (2025). FUNCTIONAL POTENTIAL OF PROSOPIS AFRICANA WHOLE FRUIT: INSIGHTS INTO ANTIOXIDANT, ANTIDIABETIC, AND IMMUNOMODULATING ACTIVITIES. FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES, 9(11), 449 – 454. https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2025-0911-3931

Issue

Vol. 9 No. 11 (2025): FUDMA Journal of Sciences - Vol. 9 No. 11

Section

Research Articles
Copyright & Licensing

Copyright (c) 2025 Kayode Salawu, Quadri Olayinka Balogun , Oluwatoyosi Olatoun Salawu, Muhammad Aamer, Nuzhat Shehla, Yan Wang, Olutosin Alarape Adegboye

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

How to Cite

Salawu, K., Balogun , Q. . O., Salawu, O. O. ., Aamer, M., Shehla, N., Wang, Y., & Adegboye, O. A. . (2025). FUNCTIONAL POTENTIAL OF PROSOPIS AFRICANA WHOLE FRUIT: INSIGHTS INTO ANTIOXIDANT, ANTIDIABETIC, AND IMMUNOMODULATING ACTIVITIES. FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES, 9(11), 449 – 454. https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2025-0911-3931