QUANTITATIVE PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND TERMICIDAL ACTIVITIES OF EUPHORBIA TIRUCALLI L. EXTRACTS ON DANIELLIA OLIVERI (ROLFE) HUTCH. AND DALZIEL AND FICUS CAPENSIS THUNB. WOODS

Authors

  • David Oriabure Ekhuemelo Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi.
  • Francis Sarwuan Agbidye Department of Forest Production and Products, Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria
  • Blessing Igoche Department of Forest Production and Products, Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2020-0403-273

Keywords:

Weight loss, phytochemicals, absorption, retention, termites, incidence of attack

Abstract

This study investigated effect of Euphorbia tirucalli extracts on Daniellia oliveri and Ficus capensis woods. Wood samples were purchased and processed into 10 cm x 2 cm x 2 cm dimensions, while plant parts collected were oven dried before extraction. E. tirucalli  was screened for phytochemicals. Concentrations of 0.5%, 1% and 2% extracts were prepared by serial dilution. Soligum, methanol and untreated wood samples were used as control. Treated wood samples were laid within 6 x 12 metres field at 1 x 3 metres spacing in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) in a termitarium and data were taken within 8 weeks. Phytochemical results indicated the presence of alkaloids, phenols, tannins, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids and saponins. Percentage absorption of extracts ranged from 47 - 86 % and 94.00 - 50.67 % in D. oliveri and F. capensis, respectively. Percentage retention of extracts ranged from 10.84 - 2.14 kg/m3 and 11.62 - 7.01 kg/m3 in D. oliveri and F. capensis. Soligum treated wood samples were not attacked throughout the period of study. D. oliveri and F. capensis woods treated with 0.5% E. tirucalli methanol extract were not attached on till the 6th and 8th week respectively. The least percentage weight loss of 5.49 % and 28.32 % were recorded for D. oliveri and F. capensis woods treated with soligum, while, 27.5 5 % and 52.50 % weight loss were recorded for F. capensis and D. oliveri woods treated with 0.5% methanol extract. It was concluded that the use o

References

Adesina S. K. (2008). Traditional medicine care in Nigeria. Today Newspaper: Wednesday, 23, April 2008.

Ampitan T. A. (2013). Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants in Biu local government area of Borno state, Nigeria. Comprehensive Journal of Herbs and Medicinal Plants, 2(1): 7 – 11.

Mbaveng A. T., Damen F., Mpetga J. D. S., Awouafack M. D., Tane P., Kuete V. and Efferth T. (2019). Cytotoxicity of Crude Extract and Isolated Constituents of the Dichrostachys cinerea Bark towards Multifactorial Drug-Resistant Cancer Cells. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Article ID 8450158 ://doi.org/10.1155/2019/8450158.

Burkill H. M. (1995). The useful plants of West Tropical Africa. 2nd ed. Vol. 3. Families J-L. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Pp. 857.

Deeni Y.Y. and Sadiq N. M. (2002). Antimicrobial properties and phytochemical constituents of the leaves of African mistletoe (Tapinanthus dodoneifolius (DC) Danser) (Loranthaceae): an ethnomedicinal plant of Hausaland, Northern Nigeria. J. Ethnopharmacol. 83:235-240.

Eisenberg D, Davis R. and Ettner S (1998). Trends in alternative medicine use in the United States 1990-1997; results of a follow up survey. Journal of American Medical Association, 280: 1569-1575.

Tatematsu H., Mom M., Yang T-H., Chang J-J., Lee T. T-Y and Lee K-H (1991). Cytotoxic Principles of Securinega virosa: Virosecurinine and Viroallosecurinine and Related Derivatives. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 80(4): 325-328

Independent News (2017). The Alarming Rate of Cancer Deaths in Nigeria. Published on March 13, 2017. Retrieved from http://www.The Alarming Rate of Cancer Deaths in Nigeria _ Independent Newspapers Limited March 22, 2017.html

Kumar R. S., Rajkapoor B. and Perumal P. (2011). In vitro and in vivo anticancer activity of Indigofera cassioides Rottl. Ex. DC. Asian Pac J Trop Med., 4:379-385.

Ochwang’i, D.O., Charles N. Kimwele, Jemimah A. Oduma, Peter K. Gathumbi, James M. Mbaria, Stephen G. K. (2013). Medicinal plants used in treatment and management of cancer in Kakamega County, Kenya. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2013.11.051i

Ojewole J. A. O. (2004). Evaluation of the analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic properties of Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst. Stem bark aqueous extract in mice and rats. Phytotherapy Research, 18: 601-608.

Olapade E. O (2002). The herbs for good health: the 50th Anniversary Lecture of the University of Ibadan. NARL Specialist Clinic, Ibadan, Nigeria. Pp. 230.

Rayanil K. O., Bunchornmaspan P. and Tuntiwachwuttikul P. (2011). A new phenolic compound with anticancer activity from the wood of Millettia leucantha. Arch Pharm Res., 34:881-886.

Ngulde S. I., Sandabe U. K., Abounader R., Dawson T. K., Zhang Y., Iliya I. and Hussaini I. M. (2019). Ethanol Extract of Securidaca longipedunculata InducesApoptosis in Brain Tumor (U87) Cells. BioMed Research International, Article ID 9826590, https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/982659

Salem M. M., Davidorf F. H. and Abdel-Rahman M. H. (2011). In vitro anti-uveal melanoma activity of phenolic compounds from the Egyptian medicinal plant Acacia nilotica. Fitoterapia 82:1279-1284.

Soladoye M. O., Amusa N. A, Raji-Esan S. O., Chukwuma E. C. and Taiwo, A. A. (2010). Ethnobotanical Survey of Anti-Cancer Plants in Ogun State, Nigeria. Annals of Biological Research, 1(4): 261-273.

Traore R (2000). Etude pharmacologique chez l’animal de l’extrait aqueux de Tapinanthus dodoneifolius (DC). Danser (Loranthaceae) utilisée en tradithérapieanti-asthmatique au Burkina Faso. Thèse de pharmacie. FSS. Université d’Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.

WHO (2018). Cancer Key facts published on 12 September 2018. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cancer on 22 September, 2018.

WHO (2003). World Health Organization. Traditional medicine 〈http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs134/en/print.html〉(revised 2008).

WHO (2010). “Cancerâ€âŒ©http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs297/en/〉 (Retrieved 2011-01-05)

Published

2020-09-11

How to Cite

Ekhuemelo, D. O., Agbidye, F. S., & Igoche , B. (2020). QUANTITATIVE PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND TERMICIDAL ACTIVITIES OF EUPHORBIA TIRUCALLI L. EXTRACTS ON DANIELLIA OLIVERI (ROLFE) HUTCH. AND DALZIEL AND FICUS CAPENSIS THUNB. WOODS. FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES, 4(3), 99 - 106. https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2020-0403-273