EFFECTS OF AGROCHEMICALS AND THEIR IMPACT ON SOIL QUALITY IN PART OF SUDAN SAVANNAH ZONE OF NORTHWESTERN NIGERIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2025-0903-2693Keywords:
Soil quality, Agrochemicals application, Farmers knowledge, Kano stateAbstract
The use of agrochemicals causes a number of environmental issues, including harm to human health, contamination of groundwater and other aquatic habitats, and soil degradation that lowers soil quality and turns many formerly productive agricultural lands into unproductive ones. This study assessed the effect of agrochemicals on soil quality in the area. A survey was conducted among 331 farmers from seven villages in Bunkure Local Government Area Kano State. Soil samples were also collected and analyzed to determine various soil parameters (OC, P, N, CEC, Ca2+, Na2+, Mg2+ and K2+). Questionnaire was used to obtain information on the farmers knowledge and perception regarding agrochemical application and impact to soil quality. The results revealed that a majority (78%) of the farmers had been using agrochemicals for more than four years, with most (76%) applying those more than twice per year. Furthermore, a significant proportion (61%) indicated awareness of the impact of agrochemicals on soil quality. In addition, findings indicated that 94% of the respondents believed that the use of agrochemicals affected soil quality. Among them, 83% reported a positive effect on soil quality, while 10% observed a negative effect. Only 4% perceived no effect of agrochemicals on soil quality. The amount of Organic Carbon, Phosphate, Nitrogen, and Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) were found to be within the permissible limits set by the World Health Organization (WHO) with exception of phosphate. Additionally, the cation distribution in the soil profile followed the order: Ca2+ > Na2+ > Mg2+ > K2+. The average concentrations...
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Jokha, M. (2015). Effects of Agricultural Pesticides and Nutrients Residue in Weruweru Sub-Catchment, Tanzania. Thesis Submitted to the School of Pure and Applied Sciences of Kenyatta University.p12-19.
Kharal, S., Khanal, B., & Panday, D. (2018). Assessment of Soil Fertility under Different Land-Use Systems in Dhading District of Nepal. Soil Systems, 2(4), 57.
Kibata, G. N., and Onggaro C., (1999).KARI research on pest management in vegetables and the role of IPM. Paper presented at the International Group Training Course on Integrated Management of Pests and Diseases of Vegetable Crops in Africa (31 May- 25 June 1999) at ICIPE, Nairobi, Kenya.
Kumar R, Kranthi S, Nitharwal M, Jat SL, Monga D (2012) Influence of pesticides and application methods on pest and predatory arthropods associated with cotton. Phytoparasitica 40:417424
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Lichtenberg, E., Zimmerman, R., (1999). Information and farmers attitudes about pesticides, water quality, and related environmental effects. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 73: 227236.
Liu, J., Rong, Q., Zhao, Y. (2017). Variations in soil nutrients and salinity caused by tamarisk in the coastal wetland of the Laizhou Bay, China. Ecosphere, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1672
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Lynch, K., Binns, T. and Olofin, E. A. (2000). Urban agriculture under threat: then land security question in Kano, Nigeria. Cities 18 (3): 159171
Manisalidis, I., Stavropoulou, E., Stavropoulos, A., & Bezirtzoglou, E. (2020). Environmental and Health Impacts of Air Pollution: A Review. Frontiers in Public Health, 8, 505570. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00014
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Meena RS, Kumar S, Datta R, Lal R, Vijayakumar V, et al. (2020). Impact of agrochemicals on soil microbiota and management: a review. Land 9(2):34
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Ngowi A.V.F., Mbise T J., Ijani A.M., London, L., Ajay, C., (2007). Smallholder vegetable farmers in Northern Tanzania: Pesticides use practices, perceptions, cost and health effects. Crop Prot., 26:1617-1624.
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Pandey, S. and Singh, D.K. (2014). Total bacterial and fungal population after chlorpyrifos and quinalphos treatments in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) soil. Chemosphere 55, 197205.
Patnaik, G.K.; Kanungo, P.K.; Adhya, T.K.; Rajaramamohan Rao, V. (1996). Effect of repeated applications of gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (-HCH) on nitrogenase activity and nitrogen-fixing bacteria associated with rhizosphere of tropical rice. Microbiol. Res. 151, 375378.
Paustian, M., Theuvsen, L. (2017). Adoption of precision agriculture technologies by German crop farmers. Precision Agric 18, 701716 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-016-9482-5
Perlman P, Possen BH, Legat VD, Rubenacker AS, Bockiger U, Stieben-Emmerling L (2013) When will we see people of negative height. Significance 10(1):4648
Phillips J. (2007). Formation of texture contrast soils by a combination of bioturbation and translocation. CATENA 70(1):92-104 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2006.08.002
Shang, Y.; Hasan, M.; Ahammed, G.J.; Li, M.; Yin, H.; Zhou, J. (2019). Applications of nanotechnology in plant growth and crop protection: A review. Molecules 24, 2558.
Shetty P.K., Murugan M., Hiremath, M.B., Sreeja S., (2010) Farmers education and perception on pesticide use and crop economies in Indian agriculture.Journal of Experimental Sciences, Vol 1:29-46
Singh, B.K., Walker, A., Alun, J., Morgan, W., Wright, D.J. (2020). Biodegradation of chlorpyrifos by Enterobacter strain B-14 and its use in bioremediation of contaminated soils. J. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 70, 48554863.
Tisdale E. James, PharmD, Heather A. Jaynes, MSN, Joanna R. Kingery, PharmD, Noha A. Mourad, MS, Tate N. Trujillo, PharmD, Brian R. Overholser, PharmD, and Richard J. Kovacs, MD (2013). Development and Validation of a Risk Score to Predict QT Interval Prolongation in Hospitalized Patients. Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes, Volume 6, Number 4 https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.113.000152
Tukur, R., Adamu, G.K., Abdulrashid, I and Rabiu, M. (2013). Indigenous TreesInventory and Their Multipurpose Uses in Dutsin-Ma Area Katsina state. European Scientific Journal 9(1): 288 300.
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Zhu, G.; Wu, H.; Guo, J.; Kimaro, F.M.E. (2014). Microbial Degradation of Fipronil in Clay Loam Soil. Water. Air. Soil Pollut 153, 3544.
Abdullahi N., IgweE. C., DandagoM. A., & UmarN. B. (2021). Heavy Metals in Food Crops: Ideal Sources and Roles of Urban Agriculture in Facilitating Their Consumption- A Review. Fudma Journal of Sciences, 5(2), 34 - 45. https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2021-0502-520
Aktar W, Sengupta D, Chowdhury A. (2019). Impact of pesticides use in agriculture: Their benefits and hazards. Interdiscip Toxicol, 2:1-12.
Andrews, S.S., Karlen, D.L., Mitchell, J.P. (2022). A comparison of soil quality indexing methods for vegetable production systems in Northern California. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 90(1), 25-45.
Bhandari, S. and Bam, S. (2013). Comparatives Study of Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) under Forest, Cultivated and Barren Land: A Case of Chovar Village, Kathmandu. Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 14, No.2: 103-108.
Boxall, A.B., Hardy, A. Beulke, S., Boucard, T., Burgin, l., Falloon, P.D. (2018). Impacts of climate change on indirect human exposure to pathogens and chemicals from agriculture. Environ. Health perspect. 117 (4), 508-514
Carter, M.R., Gregorich, E.G., Anderson, D.W., Doran, W.J., Janzen, J.J., Pierce Carter, F.J. (2017). (Eds.), Developments in Soil Science, Elsevier (2017), pp. 1-19
Chapman, D. (1992). Water Quality Assessment; A guide to the use of biota, sediments and water in environmental monitoring. University Press, Cambridge. 585 pp.
De Bauw, P., Van Asten, P., Jassogne, L., Merckx, R. (2016). Soil fertility gradients and production constraints for coffee and banana on volcanic mountain slopes in the East African Rift: A case study of Mt. Elgon. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 231, 166175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2016.06.036
Doran JW, Parkin TB. (2018). Defining and assessing soil quality. p. 3-21. In: Doran JW, Coleman DC, Bezdicek DF, Stewart BA, Editors, Defining Soil Quality for a Sustainable Environment. Soil Science Society of America Special Publication 35, ASA-SSSA, Madison, WI.
Doran, J.W. & Parkin, T.B. (2016) J.W. Quantitative indicators of soil quality: a minimum data J.W. Doran, A.J. Jones (Eds.), Methods for Assessing Soil Quality. Soil Science Society of America, pp. 25-37.
Drinkwater J Michael, Zachary J Byrne, Chris Blake, Karl Glazebrook, Sarah Brough, Matthew Colless, Warrick Couch, Darren J Croton, Scott M Croom, Tamara M Davis, Karl Forster, David Gilbank, Samuel R Hinton, Ben Jelliffe, Russell J Jurek, I-hui Li, D Christopher Martin, Kevin Pimbblet, Gregory B Poole, Michael Pracy, Rob Sharp, Jon Smillie, Max Spolaor, Emily Wisnioski, David Woods, Ted K Wyder, Howard K C Yee, (2018). The WiggleZ Dark Energy Survey: final data release and the metallicity of UV-luminous galaxies, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 474, Issue 3, March 2018, Pages 41514168, https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx2963
Enloe A. Heather, Robert C. Graham,* and Stephen C. Sillett (2006). Arboreal Histosols in Old-Growth Redwood Forest Canopies, Northern California. Soil Science Society of America J. 70:408418
Enserink, Remko; Ypma, Rolf; Donker, G A.; Smit, Henriette A.; van Pelt, Wilfrid. (2013) Infectious Disease Burden Related to Child Day Care in the Netherlands. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 32(8):p e334-e340, August 2013. https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0b013e318290601e
Ficci, K. (2019). The future: Now streaming. Indian Media and Entertainment Industrial Report.
Garba, Y. I., Yusuf, M. A., Karkarna, M. Z. and D. M. Musa (2024) Soil management practices and problems in part in Part of the Dryland of Northwestern Nigeria. Published in Proceedings of the 1st International Conference of Centre for Arid Zone Ecology (CAZE), Federal University Dutse, Jigawa State. Held from 5th to 8th March, 2024. Page 278 282.
Jacoby, R., Peukert, M., Succurro, A., Koprivova, A., Kopriva, S. (2017). The role of soil microorganisms in plant mineral nutritioncurrent knowledge and future directions. Front. Plant Sci. 8, 1617.
Jayaraj, R., Megha, P., Sreedev, P. (2016). Organochlorine pesticides, their toxic effects on living organisms and their fate in the environment. Interdiscip. Toxicol. 9 (34), 90100.
Jie, C., Jing-Zhang, C., Man-Zhi, T., Zi-tong, G., (2022). Soil degradation: a global problem endangering sustainable development. J. Geogr. Sci. 12 (2), 243252.
Jokha, M. (2015). Effects of Agricultural Pesticides and Nutrients Residue in Weruweru Sub-Catchment, Tanzania. Thesis Submitted to the School of Pure and Applied Sciences of Kenyatta University.p12-19.
Kharal, S., Khanal, B., & Panday, D. (2018). Assessment of Soil Fertility under Different Land-Use Systems in Dhading District of Nepal. Soil Systems, 2(4), 57.
Kibata, G. N., and Onggaro C., (1999).KARI research on pest management in vegetables and the role of IPM. Paper presented at the International Group Training Course on Integrated Management of Pests and Diseases of Vegetable Crops in Africa (31 May- 25 June 1999) at ICIPE, Nairobi, Kenya.
Kumar R, Kranthi S, Nitharwal M, Jat SL, Monga D (2012) Influence of pesticides and application methods on pest and predatory arthropods associated with cotton. Phytoparasitica 40:417424
Leena, H., Premasudha, B., Panneerselvam, S., & Basavaraja, P. (2021). Pedometric mapping for soil fertility management A case study. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences, 20(2), 128-135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssas.2020.12.008
Lichtenberg, E., Zimmerman, R., (1999). Information and farmers attitudes about pesticides, water quality, and related environmental effects. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 73: 227236.
Liu, J., Rong, Q., Zhao, Y. (2017). Variations in soil nutrients and salinity caused by tamarisk in the coastal wetland of the Laizhou Bay, China. Ecosphere, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1672
Luo, Y., Shi, C., Yang, S., Liu, Y., Zhao, S., & Zhang, C. (2022). Characteristics of Soil Calcium Content Distribution in Karst Dry-Hot Valley and Its Influencing Factors. Water, 15(6), 1119. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15061119
Lynch, K., Binns, T. and Olofin, E. A. (2000). Urban agriculture under threat: then land security question in Kano, Nigeria. Cities 18 (3): 159171
Manisalidis, I., Stavropoulou, E., Stavropoulos, A., & Bezirtzoglou, E. (2020). Environmental and Health Impacts of Air Pollution: A Review. Frontiers in Public Health, 8, 505570. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00014
Maryam L, Halima A. Idris and Ummi K. Mohammed (2014) Weather and Climate. In A.I Tanko and S.B. Mumale (Eds.) Kano Environment, Society and Development. London and Abuja, Adonis and Abbey Publishers
Meena RS, Kumar S, Datta R, Lal R, Vijayakumar V, et al. (2020). Impact of agrochemicals on soil microbiota and management: a review. Land 9(2):34
Murray, D, Piola, J. C, Senanayake, N, Sheriff, R, Singh, S, Siwach. S, Smit. L, (2002). Addressing Pesticide Poisoning in the developing world- Aminimum Pesticide List. Lancet, 360(9340) pp 1163-1167. UK.
Ngowi A.V.F., Mbise T J., Ijani A.M., London, L., Ajay, C., (2007). Smallholder vegetable farmers in Northern Tanzania: Pesticides use practices, perceptions, cost and health effects. Crop Prot., 26:1617-1624.
Njuguna, L.W., Gatambia, E.K., Munene, D.N., (2002). Annual report, National horticultural Research Centre, Thika.
Ntow, W. J., Gijzen H, J., Kelderman P, Drechsel P (2006). Farmer perceptions and pesticide use practices in vegetable production in Ghana. Pest Manage. Sci., 62: 356-365.
Obi JC, Akinbola GE, Anozie HF. (2009). Distribution of dithionite and oxalate-extractable iron oxides of a catena in the basement complex soils of southwestern Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Soil Science 19: 100108.
Owen, M.D.K.; Beckie, H.J.; Leeson, J.Y.; Norsworthy, J.K.; Steckel, L.E. (2015). Integrated pest management and weed management in the United States and Canada. Pest Manag. Sci. 71, 357376.
Pandey, S. and Singh, D.K. (2014). Total bacterial and fungal population after chlorpyrifos and quinalphos treatments in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) soil. Chemosphere 55, 197205.
Patnaik, G.K.; Kanungo, P.K.; Adhya, T.K.; Rajaramamohan Rao, V. (1996). Effect of repeated applications of gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane (-HCH) on nitrogenase activity and nitrogen-fixing bacteria associated with rhizosphere of tropical rice. Microbiol. Res. 151, 375378.
Paustian, M., Theuvsen, L. (2017). Adoption of precision agriculture technologies by German crop farmers. Precision Agric 18, 701716 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-016-9482-5
Perlman P, Possen BH, Legat VD, Rubenacker AS, Bockiger U, Stieben-Emmerling L (2013) When will we see people of negative height. Significance 10(1):4648
Phillips J. (2007). Formation of texture contrast soils by a combination of bioturbation and translocation. CATENA 70(1):92-104 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2006.08.002
Shang, Y.; Hasan, M.; Ahammed, G.J.; Li, M.; Yin, H.; Zhou, J. (2019). Applications of nanotechnology in plant growth and crop protection: A review. Molecules 24, 2558.
Shetty P.K., Murugan M., Hiremath, M.B., Sreeja S., (2010) Farmers education and perception on pesticide use and crop economies in Indian agriculture.Journal of Experimental Sciences, Vol 1:29-46
Singh, B.K., Walker, A., Alun, J., Morgan, W., Wright, D.J. (2020). Biodegradation of chlorpyrifos by Enterobacter strain B-14 and its use in bioremediation of contaminated soils. J. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 70, 48554863.
Tisdale E. James, PharmD, Heather A. Jaynes, MSN, Joanna R. Kingery, PharmD, Noha A. Mourad, MS, Tate N. Trujillo, PharmD, Brian R. Overholser, PharmD, and Richard J. Kovacs, MD (2013). Development and Validation of a Risk Score to Predict QT Interval Prolongation in Hospitalized Patients. Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes, Volume 6, Number 4 https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCOUTCOMES.113.000152
Tukur, R., Adamu, G.K., Abdulrashid, I and Rabiu, M. (2013). Indigenous TreesInventory and Their Multipurpose Uses in Dutsin-Ma Area Katsina state. European Scientific Journal 9(1): 288 300.
Wangombe G.M. (2014) Risk of agrochemicals on the environment and human health-in Mukaro location, Nyeri County, Kenya. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Kenyatta University, Nairobi.
WHO, (2018). Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland, 2nd edition
Zhang, X., Dong, W., Dai, X., Schaeffer, S., Yang, F., Radosevich, M. (2019). Responses of absolute and specific soil enzyme activities to long-term additions of organic and mineral fertilizer. Sci. Total Environ. 536, 5967.
Zhu, G.; Wu, H.; Guo, J.; Kimaro, F.M.E. (2014). Microbial Degradation of Fipronil in Clay Loam Soil. Water. Air. Soil Pollut 153, 3544.
Published
2025-03-31
How to Cite
Hassan, I. U., Garba, Y. I., & Hussain, A. (2025). EFFECTS OF AGROCHEMICALS AND THEIR IMPACT ON SOIL QUALITY IN PART OF SUDAN SAVANNAH ZONE OF NORTHWESTERN NIGERIA. FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES, 9(3), 7 - 14. https://doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2025-0903-2693
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Research Articles
FUDMA Journal of Sciences
