ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITIES OF SUPERNATANT OF FERMENTED MAIZE (OMIDUN) AGAINST SELECTED ENTEROVIRUSES
Abstract
Enteroviruses (EVs) are of enormous public health significance being the etiological agents of an array of clinical conditions, local fermented product may confer protection in the gastrointestinal tract against EVs. Omidun (supernatant of fermented maize) has been traditionally used to reduce the frequency of stooling during diarrheal episodes. However, there is no information on the antiviral activities of Omidun on EVs and the scientific proof of the traditional claims. This study, therefore, investigates the antiviral potentials of Omidun against EVs. The antiviral activity of Omidun was determined against Echovirus 7 (E7), E13 and E19 in a pre- and post-treatment approach. The antiviral effect was determined by cytopathic effect and cell viability using 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromidefor. (MTT) assay. Omidun had high percentage inhibition for E7 and E19 with 83.5% and 77.9% respectively, in pre-treatment, and 78.2% and 77.5% respectively, in post-treatment. Minimal effects were observed for E13; 12.2% and 24.2% in pre- and post-treatment, respectively. Generally, antiviral activity for pre-treatment was better than post-treatment. Omidun was shown to have the potential to inhibit the replication of selected EVs. Thus, supporting the traditional claims of its therapeutic effect. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of antiviral activities of Omidun.
References
Adeniyi, B.A., Ayeni, F.A., Ogunbanwo, S.T. (2006). Antagonistic activities of Lactic Acid Bacteria isolated from Nigerian fermented dairy foods against organisms implicated in Urinary Tract Infection. Biotechnology, 5(2), 183-188.
Afolayan, A.O., Ayeni, F.A. (2017). Antagonistic effects of three lactic acid bacterial strains isolated from Nigerian indigenous fermented Ogi on E. coli EKT004 in co-culture. Acta Alimentaria, An International Journal of Food Science. 46 (1), 1–8.
Afolayan, A.O., Ayeni, F.A., Ruppitsch, W. (2017). Antagonistic and quantitative assessment of indigenous lactic acid bacteria in different varieties of Ogi against gastrointestinal pathogens. Pan African Medical Journal. 27: 22.
Ayeni, F.A., Adeniyi, B.A., Ogunbanwo, S.T., Tabasco, R., Paarup, T., Peláez, C., Requena, T. (2009). Inhibition of uropathogens by lactic acid bacteria isolated from dairy foods and cow’s intestine in western Nigeria. Archives of Microbiology 191 (8), 639-648.
Ayeni, F.A., Sánchez, B., Adeniyi, B.A., de los Reyes-Gavilán, C.G., Margolles, A., Ruas-Madiedo, P. (2011). Evaluation of the functional potential of Weissella and Lactobacillus isolates obtained from Nigerian traditional fermented foods and cow´s intestine. International Journal of Food Microbiology. 147 (2), 97-104.
Bamidele, T.A., Adeniyi, B.A., Ayeni, F.A., Fowora, M.A., Smith, S.I. (2013): The antagonistic activities of Lactic acid bacteria isolated from Nigerian salad vegetables against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Global Research Journal of Microbiology. 3(1): 18 –23.
Bamidele, T.A, Adeniyi, B.A, Ayeni, F.A, Akinsinde, KA. (2014). Identification, Antagonistic activities against Vibrio cholerae 01 of lactic acid bacteria isolated from Nigerian grown salad vegetables. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Bio-science; 3(3), 56-65.
Bikila, W. (2015). Lactic Acid Bacteria: Benefits, Selection Criteria and Probiotic Potential in Fermented Food. Journal of Probiotics Health. 3:,29.
Bitnun, A., Yeh, E.A. (2018). Acute Flaccid Paralysis and Enteroviral Infections. Current Infectious Disease Reports. 20(9):34
Burns, C.C., Diop O.M., Sutter R.W., Kew O.M. (2014). Vaccine-derived polioviruses. Journal of Infectious Diseases. Suppl 1:S283-93.
Carter, J., Saunders, V.A. (2007). Virology: Principles and Applications. John Wiley & Sons. p. 166. ISBN 978-0-470-02386-0.
Falana, M.B., Bankole, M.O., Omemu, A.M., Oyewole, O.B., (2011). Microorganisms associated with supernatant solution of fermented maize mash (Omidun) from two varieties of maize grains. Researcher. 3(7).
Falana, M.B., Bankole, M.O., Omemu, A.M., Oyewole, O.B. (2012). Antimicrobial potentials of some selected microorganisms associated with supernatant solution of fermented maize mash Omidun. African Journal of Microbiology Research. 6(19), 4095-4101.
Falana, M.B., Bankole, M.O., Omemu, A.M. (2016). Comparative antimicrobial potentials of Omidun obtained from yellow and white maize varieties on some diarrhoea causing microorganisms. African Journal of Microbiology Research. 10(27): 1018-1023.
Faleye, T.O.C., Adewumi, M.O., Japhet, M.O., David, O.M., Oluyege, A.O., Adeniji, J.A., Famurewa, O. (2017). Non-polio enteroviruses in faeces of children diagnosed with acute flaccid paralysis in Nigeria. BMC Virology Journal. 14:175.
Hundie, G.B., Woldemeskel, D., Gessesse, A. (2016). Evaluation of Direct Colorimetric MTT Assay for Rapid Detection of Rifampicin and Isoniazid Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. PLoS One. 11(12):e0169188.
Khani, S., Motamedifar, M., Golmoghaddam, H., Hosseini, H.M., Hashemizadeh, Z. (2012). In vitro study of the effect of a probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus rhamnosus against herpes simplex virus type 1, Brazillian Journal of Infectious Diseases. 16(2), 129-135.
Nathanson, N., Kew O.M. (2010). From Emergence to Eradication: The Epidemiology of Poliomyelitis Deconstructed. American Journal of Epidemiology. 172(11), 1213 – 1229.
Nikolaidis, M., Mimouli, K., Kyriakopoulou, Z., Tsimpidis, M., Tsakogiannis, D., Markoulatos, P., Amoutzias, G.D. (2019). Large-scale genomic analysis reveals recurrent patterns of intertypic recombination in human enteroviruses. Virology. .526, 72-80.
Omemu, A.M., Atanda, O.O., Ayinde, I.A., Henshaw, F.O. (2011). Perceptions of mothers on food safety related and the microbiological contamination of complimentary foods – A case study in 2 rural areas in Southwestern Nigeria. Researcher. 3(6), 60-67.
Pant, N., Marcotte, H., Brüssow, H., Svensson, L., Hammarström, L. (2007). Effective prophylaxis against rotavirus diarrhea using a combination of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and antibodies. BMC Microbiology. 7:86.
Sayyed, M.H.G., Mahboobeh, M.N., Mahdi, G., Zohreh, K. Therapy. (2013). What is the most Effective Method for Host Protection Against Enteric Pathogen. International Journal of Entric Pathogens. 1(2): 36-42.
Sunmola, A.A, Ogbole, O.O, Faleye, T.O.C, Adetoye, A, Adeniji, J.A, Ayeni F.A. (2019). Antiviral potentials of Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus amylovorus and Enterococcus hirae against selected Enterovirus. Folia Microbiologica. 64(2): 257–264
Tan, C.Y.Q., Ninove, L., Gaudart, J., Nougairede, A., Zandotti, C. (2011). A Retrospective Overview of Enterovirus Infection Diagnosis and Molecular Epidemiology in the Public Hospitals of Marseille, France (1985–2005). PLoS ONE. 6(3): e18022.
Tapparel, C., Siegrist, F., Petty, T.J., Kaiser, L. (2013). Picornavirus and enterovirus diversity with associated human diseases. Infection, Genetics and Evolution. 12(3):505-521.
Teniola, O.D., Odunfa, S.A. (2001). The effects of processing methods on the levels of lysine, methionine and the general acceptability of Ogi processed using starter cultures. International Journal of Food Microbiology. 63(1-2):1-9.
Wei, Y., Fang, W., Wan, Z., Wang, K., Yang, Q., Cai, X., Shi, L., Yang, Z. (2014). Antiviral effects against E71 of pimprinine and its derivatives isolated from Streptomyces sp. Virology Journal. 11:195.
Copyright (c) 2023 FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
FUDMA Journal of Sciences
