ANTIFUNGAL EFFICACY OF ANOGEISSUS LEIOCARPUS DC AGAINST ASPERGILLUS NIGER AND RHIZOCTONIA spp.
Abstract
The present study underscores the efficacy of aqueous and methanol stem bark extracts of Anogeissus leiocarpus against Aspergillus niger, and Rhizoctonia spp. which causes many plant diseases. The plant is reputed for its traditional use in the treatment of diseases related to microbial infection including mycosis, dermatitis, coughing and tuberculosis. Phytochemical analysis of the stem bark extracts revealed the presence of some secondary metabolites (Alkaloids, Tannins, Saponins, and Cardiac glycosides) which have been reported to have antimicrobial effects. Assays were performed using extracts concentrations of 1,000,000, 500,000, 250,000, and 125, 000µg/ml by agar well diffusion technique. Methanol extract was active against all the pathogens especially at concentration of 1,000,000µg/ml which showed greater activity against R. spp. (21mm), but A. niger developed resistance against the aqueous extract at all concentrations. Activity was greater against R. spp. in response to all extracts i.e. methanol and water (21mm, and 20mm) at the highest concentration than A. niger (18mm, and 0). The antifungal screening revealed that the extract exhibited inhibitory activities at varying concentrations against the test pathogens. These activities observed could be attributed to the presence of active metabolites contained in the extract. Further studies to isolate the lead compounds responsible for this activity are therefore advocated
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