ANALYSIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BIODIESEL PRODUCTION FROM Glycine max SEED OIL USING ALKALI CATALYST

Abstract

Due to the increasing energy demand and the pollution problems caused by the use of fossil fuels, the used of vegetable oils and their derivatives as alternative for diesel fuel is the best solution in the current scenario. Nowadays the use of biodiesel as a substitute for conventional diesel engine has been of great interest. This study aim to evaluate the analysis and characterization of the biodiesel production from Glycine max based on the yield of the oil extracted from the seed. The percentage oil content of Glycine max seed is found to be  17.10 %.The result of this research also signifies the identification of the optimum characterization of the physical and chemical parameters from the extracted oil and biodiesel production by transesterification using alkali catalyst such as pH, moisture content, specific gravity, kinematic viscosity at 40°C, refractive index, acid value, saponification value, iodine value, flash point, Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) and identification of functional groups. The fatty acid methyl ester analyzed using GCMS contains palmitic acid 15.4, oleic acid 28.9, linoleic acid 54.4, arachic 1.2. The FTIR results also conform that the, Glycine max having 1769 cm ^-1 is attributed to carbonyl (C=O) of typical esters which ranged 1800-1700 cm ^-1.All the results of the seed oil and the biodiesel were conformed to the standard specified by USA (ASTM D6751) and European organization (EN 14214) and they have met the specified standard recommendations for suitably used in conventional diesel engines.